Geological impacts on groundwater pollution: a case study in Khuzestan Province

The main aims of this study were to examine the sources of pollution with an emphasis on geogenic sources and to predict the groundwater quality with reasonable accuracy. For this purpose, factor analysis/principal component analysis and partial least squares regression were used to analyze a data set of groundwater quality containing 17 parameters measured at 45 different sampling wells in Andimeshk Aquifer during 2006–2013 time period. Factor analysis identified three factors, which were responsible for the data structure explaining 78.3 % of the total variance of the data set. There were various sources of groundwater contamination, based on factor analysis, in which geological formations next to agricultural activities had the most influential effects. Partial least squares regression could predict the quality of groundwater according to the value of water quality index. The amounts of R-squared (0.79) and MSE (0.21) using seven PLS components showed that this method has been successful in the prediction of water quality in the study area.

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