Photonic Implementation of Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity and Learning Algorithms of Biological Neural Systems

The neurobiological learning algorithm, spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), is demonstrated in a simple photonic system using the cooperative nonlinear effects of cross gain modulation and nonlinear polarization rotation, and supervised and unsupervised learning using photonic neuron principles are examined. An STDP-based supervised learning scheme is presented which is capable of mimicking a desirable spike pattern through learning and adaptation. Furthermore, unsupervised learning is illustrated by a principal component analysis system operating under similar learning rules. Finally, a photonic-distributed processing network capable of STDP-based unsupervised learning is theoretically explored.

[1]  Y. Dan,et al.  Spike timing-dependent plasticity: a Hebbian learning rule. , 2008, Annual review of neuroscience.

[2]  Paul R. Prucnal,et al.  Broadcast and Weight: An Integrated Network For Scalable Photonic Spike Processing , 2014, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[3]  Arnaud Delorme,et al.  Spike-based strategies for rapid processing , 2001, Neural Networks.

[4]  Vivien A. Casagrande,et al.  Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons , 1999 .

[5]  S. Thorpe,et al.  Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity Finds the Start of Repeating Patterns in Continuous Spike Trains , 2008, PloS one.

[6]  Simon Haykin,et al.  Cognitive radio: brain-empowered wireless communications , 2005, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[7]  A. Weiner,et al.  Comb-based radiofrequency photonic filters with rapid tunability and high selectivity , 2011, Nature Photonics.

[8]  J. Knott.  The organization of behavior: A neuropsychological theory , 1951 .

[9]  Paul R. Prucnal,et al.  An evanescent hybrid silicon laser neuron , 2013, 2013 IEEE Photonics Conference.

[10]  Yue Tian,et al.  Asynchronous spiking photonic neuron for lightwave neuromorphic signal processing. , 2012, Optics letters.

[11]  L. Abbott,et al.  Competitive Hebbian learning through spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity , 2000, Nature Neuroscience.

[12]  Mable P. Fok,et al.  Photonic implementation of a neuronal algorithm applicable towards angle of arrival detection and localization. , 2015, Optics express.

[13]  Paul R Prucnal,et al.  A high performance photonic pulse processing device. , 2009, Optics express.

[14]  Paul R. Prucnal,et al.  Broadcast-and-weight interconnects for integrated distributed processing systems , 2014, 2014 Optical Interconnects Conference.

[15]  Jim D. Garside,et al.  Overview of the SpiNNaker System Architecture , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[16]  P. R. Prucnal,et al.  A Leaky Integrate-and-Fire Laser Neuron for Ultrafast Cognitive Computing , 2013, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[17]  Eugene M. Izhikevich,et al.  Polychronization: Computation with Spikes , 2006, Neural Computation.

[18]  G. Bi,et al.  Synaptic modification by correlated activity: Hebb's postulate revisited. , 2001, Annual review of neuroscience.

[19]  Paul R. Prucnal,et al.  Dynamical laser spike processing , 2015, 1507.06713.

[20]  Bernd Fritzke,et al.  Growing cell structures--A self-organizing network for unsupervised and supervised learning , 1994, Neural Networks.

[21]  Mable P. Fok,et al.  Photonic implementation of a neuronal learning algorithm based on spike timing dependent plasticity , 2015, 2015 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC).

[22]  Yue Tian,et al.  Signal feature recognition based on lightwave neuromorphic signal processing. , 2011, Optics letters.

[23]  Y. Dan,et al.  Spike-timing-dependent synaptic modification induced by natural spike trains , 2002, Nature.

[24]  Rahul Sarpeshkar,et al.  Analog Versus Digital: Extrapolating from Electronics to Neurobiology , 1998, Neural Computation.

[25]  John Chang,et al.  Demonstration of WDM weighted addition for principal component analysis. , 2015, Optics express.

[26]  Paul R Prucnal,et al.  Ultrafast all-optical implementation of a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron. , 2011, Optics express.

[27]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  NeXt generation/dynamic spectrum access/cognitive radio wireless networks: A survey , 2006, Comput. Networks.

[28]  Yue Tian,et al.  Photonic Neuromorphic Signal Processing and Computing , 2014 .

[29]  Paul R. Prucnal,et al.  Lightwave neuromorphic signal processing , 2011, 2011 ICO International Conference on Information Photonics.

[30]  Yue Tian,et al.  Pulse lead/lag timing detection for adaptive feedback and control based on optical spike-timing-dependent plasticity. , 2013, Optics letters.