The effect of strontium incorporation into CaSiO3 ceramics on their physical and biological properties.

CaSiO3 ceramics have been regarded as a potential bioactive material for bone regeneration. Strontium (Sr) as a trace element in human body has been found to have beneficial effects on bone formation. The aim of this study was to incorporate Sr into CaSiO3 bioactive ceramics and to investigate their effect(s) on phase transition, sintering property, apatite-formation ability, ionic dissolution, and human bone-derived cells (HBDC) proliferation. Sr containing CaSiO3 (Sr-CaSiO3) ceramics at various concentrations (0-10% Sr) were prepared. The incorporation of Sr into CaSiO3 promoted the phase transition from beta to alpha-CaSiO3 and enhanced ceramic densification but did not alter the mechanism and ability of apatite formation in SBF. The ionic dissolution rate of the Sr-CaSiO3 decreased compared to the CaSiO3. The addition of Sr decreased pH value in SBF. The effect of Sr-CaSiO3 extracts, carried out according to the International Standard Organization, on HBDC proliferation was evaluated. At high extract concentration (100 and 200 mg/mL), CaSiO3 was found to stimulate HBDC proliferation, however, the incorporation of Sr into CaSiO3 stimulated HBDC proliferation even at low extract concentration (ranging from 12.5, 25 to 50 mg/mL). Our results indicate that Sr-CaSiO3 ceramics improved the physical and biological properties of the pure CaSiO3 ceramics.

[1]  J. Quaedackers,et al.  Bone mineralization after strontium and fluoride treatment in osteoporosis , 1999 .

[2]  S. Saint-Jean,et al.  Study of the reactivity and in vitro bioactivity of Sr-substituted α-TCP cements , 2005, Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine.

[3]  J. Leong,et al.  Ultrastructural study of mineralization of a strontium-containing hydroxyapatite (Sr-HA) cement in vivo. , 2004, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[4]  J. Leong,et al.  In vivo cancellous bone remodeling on a strontium-containing hydroxyapatite (sr-HA) bioactive cement. , 2004, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[5]  Besim Ben Nissan,et al.  The effect of surface chemistry modification of titanium alloy on signalling pathways in human osteoblasts. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[6]  N. Suhm,et al.  Fixation principles in metaphyseal bone—a patent based review , 2005, Osteoporosis International.

[7]  P. Ducheyne,et al.  Formation of surface reaction products on bioactive glass and their effects on the expression of the osteoblastic phenotype and the deposition of mineralized extracellular matrix. , 1997, Biomaterials.

[8]  J. Polak,et al.  Ionic products of bioactive glass dissolution increase proliferation of human osteoblasts and induce insulin-like growth factor II mRNA expression and protein synthesis. , 2000, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[9]  Julian R. Jones,et al.  Nodule formation and mineralisation of human primary osteoblasts cultured on a porous bioactive glass scaffold. , 2004, Biomaterials.

[10]  Martínez,et al.  Morphological and structural study of pseudowollastonite implants in bone , 2000, Journal of microscopy.

[11]  Y. Kameshima,et al.  Comparative study of apatite formation on CaSiO3 ceramics in simulated body fluids with different carbonate concentrations , 2005, Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine.

[12]  Ho-Gi Kim,et al.  Sintering Behavior of Cadmium‐Doped Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbZrO3–PbTiO3 Ceramics , 2005 .

[13]  M. D. de Broe,et al.  Dose-dependent effects of strontium on osteoblast function and mineralization. , 2003, Kidney international.

[14]  Yuanwei Chen,et al.  Effect of strontium ions on the growth of ROS17/2.8 cells on porous calcium polyphosphate scaffolds. , 2006, Biomaterials.

[15]  H. Saitoh,et al.  Microstructure design of HIPed TiO2 ceramics for improved corrosion resistance , 1997 .

[16]  T. Kokubo.  Surface chemistry of bioactive glass-ceramics , 1990 .

[17]  S. Chu,et al.  Effects of sintering temperature on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of Sr additive Sm-modified PbTiO3 ceramics , 2002 .

[18]  G. Daculsi,et al.  Crystal dissolution of biological and ceramic apatites , 1989, Calcified Tissue International.

[19]  Y. Kameshima,et al.  Formation of hydroxyapatite on CaSiO3 powders in simulated body fluid , 2002 .

[20]  Y. Kameshima,et al.  Influence of preparation conditions on the microstructure and bioactivity of α-CaSiO3 ceramics : Formation of hydroxyapatite in simulated body fluid , 2000 .

[21]  T. Spector,et al.  Perinatal outcome of singletons and twins after assisted conception: a systematic review of controlled studies , 2004, The New England journal of medicine.

[22]  Chengtie Wu,et al.  In vitro bioactivity of akermanite ceramics. , 2006, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[23]  I. Silver,et al.  Interactions of bioactive glasses with osteoblasts in vitro: effects of 45S5 Bioglass, and 58S and 77S bioactive glasses on metabolism, intracellular ion concentrations and cell viability. , 2001, Biomaterials.

[24]  Nobuo Yamamoto,et al.  Effect of Silica Additive on the Anatase‐to‐Rutile Phase Transition , 2004 .

[25]  W. Bonfield,et al.  Ultrastructural comparison of dissolution and apatite precipitation on hydroxyapatite and silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite in vitro and in vivo. , 2004, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[26]  P. Fourman.  Calcium Metabolism and the Bone , 1962 .

[27]  H. Liao,et al.  Sintering of partially-stabilized zirconia and partially-stabilized zirconia-hydroxyapatite composites by hot isostatic pressing and pressureless sintering. , 1996, Biomaterials.

[28]  A. Bandyopadhyay,et al.  Osteoprecursor cell response to strontium-containing hydroxyapatite ceramics. , 2006, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[29]  Si-yu Ni,et al.  Comparison of osteoblast-like cell responses to calcium silicate and tricalcium phosphate ceramics in vitro. , 2007, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials.

[30]  Xuanyong Liu,et al.  In vivo evaluation of plasma-sprayed wollastonite coating. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[31]  JOSEPH SAMACHSON,et al.  Basic Requirements for Calcification , 1969, Nature.

[32]  A. S. Posner,et al.  Comparative metabolism of calcium and strontium in the rat. , 1959, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.

[33]  Yong Han,et al.  Development of a strontium-containing hydroxyapatite bone cement. , 2005, Biomaterials.