Carrier frequency estimation for transmissions with antenna diversity

This paper deals with carrier frequency estimation for transmissions with antenna diversity. Joint maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) of channel and frequency offset are derived and periodic space-time training sequences that can simplify the implementation of the ML frequency estimate, while minimizing the mean square error (MSE) of the estimate are designed. Statistical analysis indicates that the MLE is unbiased and almost achieves the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB). Simulation shows that MLE with optimal training sequences is preferable to one with arbitrary training sequences in mobile communications.