High speed device-independent quantum random number generation without detection loophole

We report a an experimental study of device-independent quantum random number generation based on an detection-loophole free Bell test with entangled photons. After considering statistical fluctuations and applying an 80 Gb × 45.6 Mb Toeplitz matrix hashing, we achieve a final random bit rate of 114 bits/s, with a failure probability less than 10−5.

[1]  Yaoyun Shi,et al.  N ov 2 01 4 Universal security for randomness expansion , 2014 .

[2]  Qiang Zhang,et al.  Experimental measurement-device-independent quantum random number generation , 2016, ArXiv.

[3]  Zhu Cao,et al.  Quantum random number generation , 2015, npj Quantum Information.

[4]  Umesh Vazirani,et al.  Fully device-independent quantum key distribution. , 2012, 1210.1810.

[5]  Stefano Pironio,et al.  Security of practical private randomness generation , 2011, 1111.6056.

[6]  Roger Colbeck,et al.  Free randomness can be amplified , 2011, Nature Physics.

[7]  Matthew Coudron,et al.  Robust Randomness Amplifiers: Upper and Lower Bounds , 2013, APPROX-RANDOM.

[8]  Miguel Herrero-Collantes,et al.  Quantum random number generators , 2016, 1604.03304.

[9]  Ryan S. Bennink,et al.  Optimal collinear Gaussian beams for spontaneous parametric down-conversion , 2010, 1003.3810.

[10]  Xiao Yuan,et al.  Source-Independent Quantum Random Number Generation , 2015, Physical Review X.

[11]  A. Zeilinger,et al.  Significant-Loophole-Free Test of Bell's Theorem with Entangled Photons. , 2015, Physical review letters.

[12]  Aaron J. Miller,et al.  Detection-loophole-free test of quantum nonlocality, and applications. , 2013, Physical review letters.

[13]  L. Zhang,et al.  NbN superconducting nanowire single photon detector with efficiency over 90% at 1550 nm wavelength operational at compact cryocooler temperature , 2016, Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy.

[14]  A. Shimony,et al.  Proposed Experiment to Test Local Hidden Variable Theories. , 1969 .

[15]  Jason Gallicchio,et al.  Testing Bell's inequality with cosmic photons: closing the setting-independence loophole. , 2013, Physical review letters.

[16]  Omar Fawzi,et al.  Entropy Accumulation , 2016, Communications in Mathematical Physics.

[17]  Bo Liu,et al.  Cosmic Bell Test: Measurement Settings from Milky Way Stars. , 2016, Physical review letters.

[18]  S. Wehner,et al.  Loophole-free Bell inequality violation using electron spins separated by 1.3 kilometres , 2015, Nature.

[19]  Shaohua Zhang,et al.  Random Number Generation with Cosmic Photons. , 2016, Physical review letters.

[20]  Eberhard,et al.  Background level and counter efficiencies required for a loophole-free Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment. , 1993, Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics.

[21]  Hugo Zbinden,et al.  Megahertz-Rate Semi-Device-Independent Quantum Random Number Generators Based on Unambiguous State Discrimination , 2016, 1612.06566.

[22]  J. Fan,et al.  Demonstrating high symmetric single-mode single-photon heralding efficiency in spontaneous parametric downconversion , 2013, CLEO: 2013.

[23]  Matthew E. Grein,et al.  Heralding efficiency and correlated-mode coupling of near-IR fiber-coupled photon pairs , 2014, 1407.8487.

[24]  Zhu Cao,et al.  Loss-tolerant measurement-device-independent quantum random number generation , 2015, 1510.08960.

[25]  Hugo Zbinden,et al.  Self-testing quantum random number generator. , 2014, Physical review letters.

[26]  V. Scarani,et al.  Device-independent quantum key distribution secure against collective attacks , 2009, 0903.4460.

[27]  D. S. Johnson,et al.  Proceedings of the twenty-first annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing , 1989, STOC 1989.

[28]  Zach DeVito,et al.  Opt , 2017 .

[29]  H. Weinfurter,et al.  Event-Ready Bell Test Using Entangled Atoms Simultaneously Closing Detection and Locality Loopholes. , 2016, Physical review letters.

[30]  Roger Colbeck,et al.  Quantum And Relativistic Protocols For Secure Multi-Party Computation , 2009, 0911.3814.

[31]  Serge Fehr,et al.  Security and Composability of Randomness Expansion from Bell Inequalities , 2011, ArXiv.

[32]  Stefano Pironio,et al.  Random numbers certified by Bell’s theorem , 2009, Nature.

[33]  R. Lathe.  Phd by thesis , 1988, Nature.

[34]  Paolo Villoresi,et al.  Source-Device-Independent Ultrafast Quantum Random Number Generation. , 2015, Physical review letters.

[35]  E. Knill,et al.  A strong loophole-free test of local realism , 2015, 2016 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO).

[36]  A. Arnaud,et al.  in the Approximation , 1974 .