Epiligrin is decreased in papulonodular basal cell carcinoma tumor nest basement membranes and the extracellular matrix of transformed human epithelial cells

Abstract Patients with anti‐epiligrin cicatricial pemphigoid have anti‐basement membrane autoantibodies that immunoprecipitate a set of disulfide‐linked human keratinocyte polypeptides that co‐migrate in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with the same complex identified by monoclonal anti‐epiligrin (P1E1) and monoclonal anti‐nicein/kalinin (GB3) antibodies. In an attempt to further compare the reactivity of patient autoantibodies, P1E1 and GB3, these reagents were tested against the tumor nest basement membranes of 7 papulonodular basal cell carcinomas. These studies found that all of these reagents showed markedly decreased or no reactivity against this substrate. Though their concordant lack of reactivity failed to distinguish these antibodies, these studies did identify a significant defect in papulonodular basal cell carcinoma tumor nest basement membranes. Similarly, integrin subunits α6, β4, α3. and α2 as well as bullous pemphigoid antigens 1 and 2 (all potential receptors for the extracellular matrix ligands epiligrin and nicein/kalinin) were also reduced in these tumor nest basement membranes. These findings signify an extensive impairment in the lamina lucida of this neoplasm's basement membrane. Related comparative studies of normal human keratinocytes and transformed human epithelial cell lines (specifically, A‐431 and HaCat cells) showed that epiligrin production is markedly decreased in the latter. Decreased expression of epiligrin and nicein/ kalinin in papulonodular basal cell carcinoma tumor nest basement membranes in vivo and transformed epithelial cells in vitro indicate that this complex is a transformation‐sensitive cell adhesion ligand.