Influence of acid and alkali reaction system on the morphology and thermal properties of paraffin@SiO2 phase change microcapsules for heat storage

Phase change materials are preferred in the field of thermal energy storage in low-medium temperature. Paraffin@SiO2 microcapsules were prepared by a sol–gel method at an acid and alkali reaction system. The field emission scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analyzer were adopted to investigate the effect of the acid and alkali reaction system on the morphology, latent heat, and thermal stability of PA@SiO2 microcapsules. In the acid reaction system, the particle size and latent heat of PA@SiO2 microcapsules are in the range from 15 to 30  μm and from 132 to 174 J/g, respectively. However, comparing with the acid reaction system, there was a remarkable reduction in the particle size and latent heat of microcapsules prepared in the alkali reaction system. The initial weightlessness temperatures of PA@SiO2 microcapsules were 40 °C higher than that of paraffin, indicating that the SiO2 shell was beneficial to the microcapsule structure.

[1]  Yunfei Xu,et al.  Preparation and thermal properties of shape-stabilized composite phase change materials based on paraffin wax and carbon foam , 2021, Polymer.

[2]  Jiaojiao Zhao,et al.  Shape stabilization of phase change material by polymerized high internal phase emulsion for thermal energy storage , 2020, International Journal of Energy Research.

[3]  Baoliang Zhang,et al.  Enhanced mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of paraffin microcapsules shelled by hydrophobic-silicon carbide modified melamine-formaldehyde resin , 2020 .

[4]  Yi Liu,et al.  Copper microsphere hybrid mesoporous carbon as matrix for preparation of shape-stabilized phase change materials with improved thermal properties , 2020, Scientific Reports.

[5]  Xiancong Zhao,et al.  Effect of alkaline pH on formation of lauric acid/SiO2 nanocapsules via sol-gel process for solar energy storage , 2019, Solar Energy.

[6]  Zhonghua Chen,et al.  Enhanced thermal conductivity of microencapsulated phase change materials based on graphene oxide and carbon nanotube hybrid filler , 2019, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells.

[7]  Peng Zhang,et al.  Advanced thermal systems driven by paraffin-based phase change materials – A review , 2019, Applied Energy.

[8]  H. Bai,et al.  Size controlled lauric acid/silicon dioxide nanocapsules for thermal energy storage , 2019, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells.

[9]  K. Mo,et al.  Thermal efficiency and durability performances of paraffinic phase change materials with enhanced thermal conductivity – A review , 2019, Thermochimica Acta.

[10]  Xiao Wu,et al.  Preparation of hydrophobic lauric acid/SiO2 shape-stabilized phase change materials for thermal energy storage , 2019, Journal of Energy Storage.

[11]  M. Farid,et al.  Evaluation of paraffin infiltrated in various porous silica matrices as shape-stabilized phase change materials for thermal energy storage , 2018, Energy Conversion and Management.

[12]  G. Fang,et al.  Experimental investigation on n–octadecane/polystyrene/expanded graphite composites as form–stable thermal energy storage materials , 2018, Energy.

[13]  E. Favvas,et al.  Preparation and investigation of distinct and shape stable paraffin/SiO2 composite PCM nanospheres , 2018, Energy Conversion and Management.

[14]  Tao Xu,et al.  Fabrication and characteristics of composite phase change material based on Ba(OH)2·8H2O for thermal energy storage , 2018, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells.

[15]  S. Liang,et al.  Nanoencapsulated phase change materials with polymer-SiO2 hybrid shell materials: Compositions, morphologies, and properties , 2018 .

[16]  Tingyu Wang,et al.  High thermal conductive paraffin/calcium carbonate phase change microcapsules based composites with different carbon network , 2018 .

[17]  Yuqiao Chai,et al.  Enhanced thermal and mechanical properties of PW‐based HTPB binder using polystyrene (PS) and PS–SiO2 microencapsulated paraffin wax (MePW) , 2018 .

[18]  M. Fan,et al.  Novel Na2SO4@SiO2 phase change material with core-shell structures for high temperature thermal storage , 2018 .

[19]  Yulong Ding,et al.  Micro encapsulated & form-stable phase change materials for high temperature thermal energy storage , 2018 .

[20]  W. Yan,et al.  An experimental study of enhanced heat sinks for thermal management using n-eicosane as phase change material , 2018 .

[21]  Jiachen Wang,et al.  Experimental research on flow and heat transfer characteristics of latent functional thermal fluid with microencapsulated phase change materials , 2017 .

[22]  G. Fang,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of microencapsulated myristic acid–palmitic acid eutectic mixture as phase change material for thermal energy storage , 2017 .

[23]  F. Al-Sulaiman,et al.  A review for phase change materials (PCMs) in solar absorption refrigeration systems , 2017 .

[24]  Deqiu Zou,et al.  Preparation and flow resistance characteristics of novel microcapsule slurries for engine cooling system , 2017 .

[25]  Shuangfeng Wang,et al.  Thermophysical properties of n-tetradecane@polystyrene-silica composite nanoencapsulated phase change material slurry for cold energy storage , 2017 .

[26]  Jung-Hyun Kim,et al.  Modification of heat storage ability and adhesive properties of core/shell structured phase change material nanocapsules , 2016, Macromolecular Research.

[27]  R. K. Sharma,et al.  Thermal properties and heat storage analysis of palmitic acid-TiO2 composite as nano-enhanced organic phase change material (NEOPCM) , 2016 .

[28]  Xiaodong Wang,et al.  Development of bifunctional microencapsulated phase change materials with crystalline titanium dioxide shell for latent-heat storage and photocatalytic effectiveness , 2015 .

[29]  G. Fang,et al.  Preparation and characteristics of microencapsulated palmitic acid with TiO2 shell as shape-stabilized thermal energy storage materials , 2014 .

[30]  Xiaodong Wang,et al.  Microencapsulation of n-octadecane phase change material with calcium carbonate shell for enhancement of thermal conductivity and serving durability: Synthesis, microstructure, and performance evaluation , 2014 .

[31]  Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia,et al.  Synthesis, characterization and thermal properties of nanoencapsulated phase change materials via sol–gel method , 2013 .

[32]  Lin Pan,et al.  Preparation, characterization and thermal properties of micro-encapsulated phase change materials , 2012 .

[33]  A. Sari,et al.  Microencapsulated n-octacosane as phase change material for thermal energy storage , 2009 .

[34]  S. Pyun,et al.  The Effects of the Water Content, Acidity, Temperature and Alcohol Content on the Acidic Sol-Gel Polymerization of Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) with Monte Carlo Simulation , 2001 .

[35]  H. Paksoy,et al.  Determining influences of SiO2 encapsulation on thermal energy storage properties of different phase change materials , 2017 .

[36]  Frédéric Kuznik,et al.  A review on phase change materials integrated in building walls , 2011 .