Summary and Statistical Analysis of the First AIAA Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop

uid dynamics solutions are gathered from nineteen participants representing three countries for the two required cases, an axisymmetric body and simple delta wing body. Structured multiblock, unstructured mixed-element, unstructured tetrahedral, overset, and Cartesian cut-cell methods are used by the participants. Participants provided signatures computed on participant generated and solution adapted grids. Signatures are also provided for a series of uniformly rened workshop provided grids. These submissions are propagated to the ground and noise measures are computed. This allows the grid convergence of a noise measure and a validation metric (dierence norm between computed and wind tunnel measured near-eld signatures) to be studied for the rst time. A statistical analysis is also presented for these measures. An optional conguration includes fuselage, wing, tail, ow-through nacelles, and blade sting. This full conguration exhibits more variation in eleven submissions than the sixty submissions provided for each required case. Recommendations are provided for potential improvements to the analysis methods and a possible subsequent workshop.

[1]  Eric L. Walker,et al.  Experimental and Computational Sonic Boom Assessment of Lockheed-Martin N+2 Low Boom Models , 2015 .

[2]  Debby Newslow Verication and Validation , 2013 .

[3]  Frédéric Alauzet,et al.  High-order sonic boom modeling based on adaptive methods , 2010, J. Comput. Phys..

[4]  V. Venkatakrishnan Convergence to steady state solutions of the Euler equations on unstructured grids with limiters , 1995 .

[5]  Richard L. Campbell,et al.  USM3D Analysis of Low Boom Configuration , 2011 .

[6]  Richard L. Campbell,et al.  Specialized CFD Grid Generation Methods for Near-Field Sonic Boom Prediction , 2014 .

[7]  Christopher J. Roy,et al.  Verification and Validation in Scientific Computing: Design and execution of validation experiments , 2010 .

[8]  Jiaye Gan,et al.  Near Field Sonic Boom Calculation of Benchmark Cases , 2015 .

[10]  Joseph H. Morrison,et al.  Statistical Analysis of CFD Solutions from the Fourth AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop , 2010 .

[11]  Masayoshi Noguchi,et al.  Near-Field Pressure Measurements of Several Models in JAXA's 1m x 1m Supersonic Wind Tunnel , 2013 .

[12]  John M. Morgenstern Distortion Correction for Low Sonic Boom Measurement in Wind Tunnels , 2012 .

[13]  Michael Buonanno,et al.  Advanced Concept Studies for Supersonic Commercial Transports Entering Service in the 2018-2020 Period Phase 2 , 2015 .

[14]  G. Whitham The flow pattern of a supersonic projectile , 1952 .

[15]  F. Walkden,et al.  The Shock Pattern of a Wing-Body Combination, Far from the Flight Path , 1958 .

[16]  M Sullivan Brenda,et al.  A Loudness Calculation Procedure Applied to Shaped Sonic Booms , 2003 .

[17]  K. Yoshihisa Calculation of the Absorption of Sound by the Atmosphere , 1997 .

[18]  C. M. Darden,et al.  Sonic-boom minimization with nose-bluntness relaxation , 1979 .

[19]  Robin Olav Cleveland,et al.  PROPAGATION OF SONIC BOOMS THROUGH A REAL, STRATIFIED ATMOSPHERE , 1995 .

[20]  John M. Morgenstern,et al.  How to Accurately Measure Low Sonic Boom or Model Surface Pressures in Supersonic Wind Tunnels , 2012 .

[21]  Adrien Loseille,et al.  Computational and Experimental Assessment of Models for the First AIAA Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop Using Adaptive High Fidelity CFD methods , 2014 .

[22]  Shinji Nagai,et al.  Uncertainty Identification of Supersonic Wind Tunnel Testing , 2011 .

[23]  Alexandra Loubeau,et al.  Laboratory Headphone Studies of Human Response to Low-Amplitude Sonic Booms and Rattle Heard Indoors , 2013 .

[24]  Christopher J. Roy,et al.  Verification and Validation in Scientific Computing , 2010 .

[25]  Bernd Liebhardt,et al.  Supersonic Deviations: Assessment of Sonic-Boom-Restricted Flight Routing , 2014 .

[26]  Michael J. Hemsch,et al.  Statistical Analysis of Computational Fluid Dynamics Solutions from the Drag Prediction Workshop , 2004 .

[27]  Christopher L. Rumsey,et al.  Overview and Summary of the Second AIAA High-Lift Prediction Workshop , 2015 .

[28]  S. S. Stevens Perceived Level of Noise by Mark VII and Decibels (E) , 1972 .

[29]  Joseph H. Morrison,et al.  Statistical Analysis of the Fifth Drag Prediction Workshop Computational Fluid Dynamics Solutions , 2014 .

[30]  Kimio Sakata,et al.  Japan's Supersonic Technology and Business Jet Perspectives , 2013 .

[31]  Eric L. Walker,et al.  Experimental and Computational Sonic Boom Assessment of Boeing N+2 Low Boom Models , 2014 .

[32]  Christopher L. Rumsey,et al.  Overview and Summary of the Second AIAA High-Lift Prediction Workshop , 2014 .

[33]  Sriram K. Rallabhandi,et al.  Sonic Boom Adjoint Methodology and its Applications , 2011 .

[34]  Floyd J. Wilcox,et al.  Experimental Measurements of Sonic Boom Signatures Using a Continuous Data Acquisition Technique , 2013 .

[35]  Eric L. Walker,et al.  Uncertainty Quantification and Certification Prediction of Low-Boom Supersonic Aircraft Configurations , 2014 .

[36]  Raymond S. Castner,et al.  Background Pressure Profiles for Sonic Boom Vehicle Testing in the NASA Glenn 8- by 6-Foot Supersonic Wind Tunnel , 2013 .

[37]  John Morgenstern,et al.  Full Configuration Low Boom Model and Grids for 2014 Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop , 2013 .

[38]  J. L. Harrison,et al.  The Government Printing Office , 1968, American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education.

[39]  Preston A. Henne,et al.  Case for Small Supersonic Civil Aircraft , 2005 .

[40]  Richard L. Campbell,et al.  Summary of the 2008 NASA Fundamental Aeronautics Program Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop , 2014 .

[41]  Shayan Moini-Yekta,et al.  Computational and Experimental Assessment of Models for the First AIAA Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop , 2014 .

[42]  Jeffrey A. Housman,et al.  LAVA Simulations for the First AIAA Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop , 2014 .

[43]  Juliet Page,et al.  An efficient method for incorporating computational fluid dynamics into sonic boom prediction , 1991 .

[44]  D. Darmofal,et al.  Validation of an Output-Adaptive, Tetrahedral Cut-Cell Method for Sonic Boom Prediction , 2010 .

[45]  Sherilyn A. Brown,et al.  Summary of recent NASA studies of human response to sonic booms. , 2002, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[46]  Edward N. Tinoco,et al.  Summary of Data from the Fifth Computational Fluid Dynamics Drag Prediction Workshop , 2014 .

[47]  J. P. Mendoza,et al.  Some Effects of Wing Planform on Sonic Boom , 2013 .

[48]  Michael J. Aftosmis,et al.  Cart3D Simulations for the Second AIAA Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop , 2017, Journal of Aircraft.

[49]  Edward N. Tinoco,et al.  Summary of Data from the Fifth AIAA CFD Drag Prediction Workshop , 2013 .

[50]  Kenrick A. Waithe Introduction of First Low Boom Prediction Workshop , 2013 .

[51]  M. Aftosmis,et al.  Design and Evaluation of a Pressure Rail for Sonic Boom Measurement in Wind Tunnels , 2012 .

[52]  Richard L. Campbell,et al.  Evaluation of Grid Modification Methods for On- and Off-Track Sonic Boom Analysis , 2013 .

[53]  H. W. Carlson,et al.  Wind-tunnel sonic-boom testing techniques. , 1967 .

[54]  James L. Rosenberger,et al.  Waveforms and Sonic Boom Perception and Response (WSPR): Low-Boom Community Response Program Pilot Test Design, Execution, and Analysis , 2014 .

[55]  Susan E. Cliff,et al.  Near Field Sonic Boom Test on Two Low-Boom Configurations Using Multiple Measurement Techniques at NASA Ames (Invited) , 2011 .

[56]  Richard L. Campbell,et al.  USM3D Analysis of Low Boom Configuration (Invited) , 2011 .

[57]  Sriram K. Rallabhandi Advanced Sonic Boom Prediction Using Augmented Burger's Equation , 2011 .

[58]  Mark G. Turner,et al.  Assessment of Computational Fluid Dynamics and Experimental Data for Shock Boundary-Layer Interactions , 2012 .

[59]  C. Kiris,et al.  Numerical Simulations of Shock/Plume Interaction Using Structured Overset Grids , 2015 .

[60]  Michael J. Aftosmis,et al.  Adjoint-Based Low-Boom Design with Cart3D , 2011 .

[61]  Boris Diskin,et al.  Sonic Boom Mitigation Through Aircraft Design and Adjoint Methodology , 2012 .

[62]  Alexandra Loubeau,et al.  Simulator study of indoor annoyance caused by shaped sonic boom stimuli with and without rattle augmentation , 2013 .

[63]  A. R. Seebass Sonic Boom Research , 1967 .

[64]  Hirotoshi Kubota Sonic Boom Research in Japan (Invited) , 2003 .

[65]  John M. Morgenstern Measurements Supporting 1st Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop Cases , 2014 .

[66]  Joseph Morrison,et al.  Statistical Analysis of CFD Solutions from the Fifth AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop , 2013 .

[67]  W. J. Monta,et al.  Description and calibration of the Langley unitary plan wind tunnel , 1981 .