Mathematical Programming Approach to Sustainable System Synthesis.

This contribution presents some basic ideas, challenges, and advantages when performing the mathematical programming approach to sustainable system synthesis. A two-step multi-objective mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) synthesis is described, where a single-criterion MINLP-1 is performed during the first step in order to obtain economically-efficient solutions, and then multi-criteria MINLP-2 during the second step in order to achieve sustainable solutions. A special normalized LCA index is defined, suitable for -constrained multi-objective synthesis. Several examples of problems in the areas of process synthesis, bio-process network synthesis, the synthesis of municipal solid waste networks, and the synthesis of regional renewable supply and demand networks indicate that more profitable and yet less environmentally-harmful systems can be obtained.