Design and Management of Irrigation Systems

Irrigation systems should be a relevant agent to give solutions to the increasing demand of food, and to the development, sustainability and productivity of the agricultural sector. The design, managing, and operation of irrigation systems are crucial factors to achieve an efficient use of the water resources and the success in the production of crops and orchards. The aim of this paper is to analyze knowledge and investigations that enable to identify the principal criteria and processes that allow improving the design and managing of the irrigation systems, based on the basic concept that they facilitate to develop agriculture more efficient and sustainable. The design and managing of irrigation systems must have its base in criteria that are relevant, which implies to take into account agronomic, soil, hydraulic, economic, energetic, and environmental factors. The optimal design and managing of irrigation systems at farm level is a factor of the first importance for a rational use of water, economic development of the agriculture and its environmental sustainability.

[1]  P. Botía,et al.  Cost–benefit analysis of a regulated deficit-irrigated almond orchard under subsurface drip irrigation conditions in Southeastern Spain , 2006, Irrigation Science.

[2]  Javier Murillo,et al.  Fertigation in Furrows and Level Furrow Systems. I: Model Description and Numerical Tests , 2009 .

[3]  Steven R. Evett,et al.  Automation of a Center Pivot Using the Temperature-Time- Threshold Method of Irrigation Scheduling , 2008 .

[4]  D. Westermann,et al.  Nitrogen placement, row spacing, and furrow irrigation water positioning effects on corn yield , 2000 .

[5]  R. Hutmacher,et al.  Growth and yield responses of almond (Prunus amygdalus) to trickle irrigation , 1994, Irrigation Science.

[6]  Elias Fereres,et al.  Yield Responses of a Mature Olive Orchard to Water Deficits , 2003 .

[7]  E. Fereres,et al.  Deficit irrigation for reducing agricultural water use. , 2006, Journal of experimental botany.

[8]  José María Tarjuelo Martín-Benito,et al.  Set Sprinkler Irrigation and Its Cost , 2006 .

[9]  Steven R. Evett,et al.  Water use efficiency of irrigated cotton in Uzbekistan under drip and furrow irrigation , 2007 .

[10]  R. Tognetti,et al.  The effect of deficit irrigation on crop yield and vegetative development of Olea europaea L. (cvs. Frantoio and Leccino) , 2006 .

[11]  A. Naor,et al.  EFFECT OF WATER REGIME ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF FRUIT AND WINE , 1996 .

[12]  Helene E. Unland,et al.  Transfer of irrigation scheduling technology in Mexico , 1999 .

[13]  B. Hanson,et al.  Effect of subsurface drip irrigation on processing tomato yield, water table depth, soil salinity, and profitability , 2004 .

[14]  John G. Annandale,et al.  Low-cost drip irrigation—A suitable technology for southern Africa?: An example with tomatoes using saline irrigation water , 2007 .

[15]  David D. Tarkalson,et al.  Yield response of corn to deficit irrigation in a semiarid climate , 2006 .

[16]  Ranvir Kumar,et al.  Regional Water Management Modeling for Decision Support in Irrigated Agriculture , 2003 .

[17]  Steve Twomlow,et al.  On farm evaluation of the effect of low cost drip irrigation on water and crop productivity compared to conventional surface irrigation system , 2005 .

[18]  Robert H. Beede,et al.  Regulated deficit irrigation effects on yield, nut quality and water-use efficiency of mature pistachio trees , 2004 .

[19]  Dennis Wichelns,et al.  Sustainable irrigation is necessary and achievable, but direct costs and environmental impacts can be substantial , 2006 .

[20]  D. Or,et al.  Plant water accessibility function: A design and management tool for trickle irrigation , 2006 .

[21]  J. Girona,et al.  Peach tree response to single and combined deficit irrigation regimes in deep soils , 2005 .

[22]  Luciano Mateos,et al.  Modernization and optimization of irrigation systems to increase water productivity , 2006 .

[23]  T. Sammis,et al.  Modeling an irrigation management strategy for minimizing the leaching of atrazine , 2001 .

[24]  P. Botía,et al.  Effects of regulated deficit irrigation under subsurface drip irrigation conditions on water relations of mature almond trees , 2004, Plant and Soil.

[25]  Jordi Marsal,et al.  Regulated deficit irrigation during the kernel-filling period and optimal irrigation rates in almond , 2005 .

[26]  Luis S. Pereira,et al.  Higher performance through combined improvements in irrigation methods and scheduling : a discussion , 1999 .

[27]  Ximing Cai,et al.  Sustainability analysis for irrigation water management in the Aral Sea region , 2003 .

[28]  T. Sammis,et al.  Comparison of sprinkler, trickle and furrow irrigation efficiencies for onion production , 2001 .

[29]  A. Ramalan,et al.  Strategies for water management in gravity sprinkle irrigation systems , 2000 .

[30]  Attila Yazar,et al.  Optimum lateral spacing for drip-irrigated corn in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey , 2006 .

[31]  L. García,et al.  Furrow Irrigation System Design for Clay Soils in Arid Regions , 2005 .

[32]  Miguel A. Mariño,et al.  Effect of irrigation on fruit production in blueberry , 2004 .

[33]  A. Torrecillas,et al.  Water relations, growth and yield of Fino lemon trees under regulated deficit irrigation , 1996, Irrigation Science.

[34]  Anil Sood,et al.  Crop water productivity of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system as influenced by deficit irrigation, soil texture and precipitation , 2006 .

[35]  M. Mariño,et al.  Water production functions in kiwi , 2000, Irrigation Science.

[36]  N. Haruvy,et al.  Agricultural practices, soil fertility management modes and resultant nitrogen leaching rates under semi-arid conditions , 1999 .

[37]  Rajesh P. Singh,et al.  Optimal Design of Pressurized Irrigation Subunit , 2008 .

[38]  M. G. McCarthy,et al.  Regulated deficit irrigation and partial rootzone drying as irrigation management techniques for grapevines , 2002 .

[39]  D. Intrigliolo,et al.  Scheduling deficit irrigation of citrus trees with maximum daily trunk shrinkage , 2007 .

[40]  R. Tognetti,et al.  The response of sugar beet to drip and low-pressure sprinkler irrigation in southern Italy , 2003 .

[41]  Albert J. Clemmens,et al.  IRRIGATION AND NITRATE MOVEMENT EVALUATI ON IN CONVENTIONAL AND ALTERNATE–FURROW IRRIGATED COTTON , 2001 .

[42]  J. M. Faci,et al.  Comparative response of maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to deficit irrigation in a Mediterranean environment , 2006 .

[43]  Pablo J. Zarco-Tejada,et al.  Detection of water stress in an olive orchard with thermal remote sensing imagery , 2006 .

[44]  Joan Girona,et al.  Evapotranspiration and soil water dynamics of peach trees under water deficits , 2002 .

[45]  Thomas J. Trout,et al.  Influence of Irrigation Method and Scheduling on Patterns of Soil and Tree Water Status and Its Relation to Yield and Fruit Quality in Peach , 2005 .

[46]  L. Jorge,et al.  Grapevine root distribution in drip and microsprinkler irrigation , 2003 .

[47]  S. Mathur,et al.  Modeling Soil Water Uptake by Plants Using Nonlinear Dynamic Root Density Distribution Function , 2008 .

[48]  Raúl Sánchez,et al.  Evaluation of drip irrigation: Selection of emitters and hydraulic characterization of trapezoidal units , 2007 .

[49]  Eduardo A. Holzapfel,et al.  Análisis técnico-económico para selección de aspersores , 2007 .

[50]  Javier Murillo,et al.  Fertigation in Furrows and Level Furrow Systems. II: Field Experiments, Model Calibration, and Practical Applications , 2009 .

[51]  Semih Metin Sezen,et al.  Lepa and Trickle Irrigation of Cotton in the Southeast Anatolia Project (GAP) Area in Turkey , 2002 .

[52]  Lee Teang Shui,et al.  Optimal Water Management for Reservoir Based Irrigation Projects Using Geographic Information System , 2003 .

[53]  G. Piccinni,et al.  Remote sensing of biotic and abiotic stress for irrigation management of cotton , 2007 .

[54]  Roberto Tognetti,et al.  The effect of deficit irrigation on seasonal variations of plant water use in Olea europaea L. , 2005, Plant and Soil.

[55]  D. Intrigliolo,et al.  Performance of various water stress indicators for prediction of fruit size response to deficit irrigation in plum , 2006 .

[56]  Shahbaz Khan,et al.  Can Irrigation Be Sustainable , 2006 .

[57]  D. Hillel,et al.  The Sustainability of Irrigation , 2005 .

[58]  K. Tilahun,et al.  Regulated deficit irrigation scheduling of onion in a semiarid region of Ethiopia , 2007 .

[59]  Pasquale Steduto,et al.  A systematic and quantitative approach to improve water use efficiency in agriculture , 2007, Irrigation Science.

[60]  Glenn J. Hoffman,et al.  A Paradigm Shift in Irrigation Management , 2002 .

[61]  A. Domínguez,et al.  Production and quality of the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivated under controlled deficit irrigation conditions in a semi-arid climate , 2003 .

[62]  J. Castel,et al.  Regulated deficit irrigation in `Clementina de Nules' citrus trees. I. Yield and fruit quality effects , 1999 .