Frequency of carcinoma at secondary imaging-guided percutaneous breast biopsy performed after a high-risk pathologic result at primary biopsy.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of carcinoma identified with secondary presurgical imaging-guided percutaneous biopsy for patients with high-risk pathologic findings at primary percutaneous biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective computerized search of our breast imaging database from January 1, 2005, to October 1, 2010, was conducted to identify the cases of patients with high-risk pathologic findings at primary biopsy who underwent at least one secondary biopsy within 9 months and underwent surgical excision. Lesion type, location, biopsy guidance, device, number of samples, and histopathologic findings were recorded. The pathologic findings at surgical excision were compared with the percutaneous biopsy results. RESULTS One hundred twenty-three patients underwent 158 secondary biopsies. On average, 1.3 additional biopsies were performed per patient. Among the 158 secondary biopsies, 105 (66.4%) had benign, 48 (30.4%) had high-risk, and five (3.2%) had malignant histopathologic findings. No malignant tumors were identified at secondary percutaneous biopsies in cases in which the same lesion type was biopsied in the same quadrant. Use of secondary percutaneous biopsy led to detection of nine malignant tumors in 7.3% of patients-with percutaneous biopsy in four (3.2%) patients and at surgical excision in five (4.1%) patients. CONCLUSION After initial imaging-guided percutaneous biopsy reveals high-risk pathologic findings, identification of additional high-risk lesions at secondary percutaneous biopsy is common, and detection of malignancy is relatively infrequent. However, because the secondarily identified high-risk lesions are sometimes upstaged to cancer at surgical excision, additional imaging-directed biopsy has potential benefit for patients with known highrisk lesions and multiple synchronous findings.