Non-invasive data tracking in educational games: Combination of logfiles and natural language processing

Within educational games one essential problem is how to gather user information without destroying the game play. Even though, there exist several possibilities of tracking the user behaviour, most of the objective behavioural data are ambiguous and lack subjective meaning. However, the assessment of subjective data by, e.g., questionnaires either destroys the game play or could be only made when the game has finished. The proposed methodological framework illustrates how the combination of data tracking by logfiles and Natural Language Processing (NLP) could lead to a more precise interpretation of user behaviour which in turn enables an optimization of adaptive user support in the context of serious games.

[1]  Cindy K. Chung,et al.  The Psychological Functions of Function Words , 2007 .

[2]  Roger C. Schank,et al.  Conceptual dependency: A theory of natural language understanding , 1972 .

[3]  Ming Zhou,et al.  Extracting Chatbot Knowledge from Online Discussion Forums , 2007, IJCAI.

[4]  Ray Jackendoff Semantics and Cognition , 1983 .

[5]  Roberto Navigli,et al.  Word sense disambiguation: A survey , 2009, CSUR.

[6]  M. Csíkszentmihályi Beyond boredom and anxiety , 1975 .

[7]  D. Berlyne Novelty, complexity, and hedonic value , 1970 .

[8]  Dolf Zillmann,et al.  Dramaturgy for Emotions from Fictional Narration. , 2006 .

[9]  K. Asakawa Flow Experience and Autotelic Personality in Japanese College Students: How do they Experience Challenges in Daily Life? , 2004 .

[10]  D. K. Meyer,et al.  Striking the Right Balance: Students' Motivation and Affect in Elementary Mathematics , 2006 .

[11]  Noam Chomsky,et al.  वाक्यविन्यास का सैद्धान्तिक पक्ष = Aspects of the theory of syntax , 1965 .

[12]  P. Vorderer,et al.  Enjoyment: At the Heart of Media Entertainment , 2004 .

[13]  D. Zillmann Mood Management Through Communication Choices , 1988 .

[14]  Thomas W. Malone,et al.  Toward a Theory of Intrinsically Motivating Instruction , 1981, Cogn. Sci..

[15]  David Yarowsky,et al.  Unsupervised Word Sense Disambiguation Rivaling Supervised Methods , 1995, ACL.

[16]  Andrew McCallum,et al.  Information Extraction , 2005, ACM Queue.

[17]  Kathleen R. McKeown,et al.  Predicting the semantic orientation of adjectives , 1997 .

[18]  M. Csíkszentmihályi,et al.  The effect of perceived challenges and skills on the quality of subjective experience. , 1996, Journal of personality.

[19]  D. Hebb Drives and the C.N.S. (conceptual nervous system). , 1955, Psychological review.

[20]  Christoph Klimmt,et al.  Explaining the enjoyment of playing video games: the role of competition , 2003, ICEC.

[21]  T. Grodal Video Games and the Pleasure of Control , 2000 .

[22]  R. Yerkes,et al.  The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit‐formation , 1908 .

[23]  Songbo Tan,et al.  A survey on sentiment detection of reviews , 2009, Expert Syst. Appl..