Role of biomechanics and muscle activation strategy in the production of endpoint force patterns in the cat hindlimb.

[1]  R. Crowninshield,et al.  A physiologically based criterion of muscle force prediction in locomotion. , 1981, Journal of biomechanics.

[2]  Michael J. O'Donovan,et al.  Cat hindlimb motoneurons during locomotion. III. Functional segregation in sartorius. , 1987, Journal of neurophysiology.

[3]  F A Mussa-Ivaldi,et al.  Computations underlying the execution of movement: a biological perspective. , 1991, Science.

[4]  F. A. Mussa-lvaldi,et al.  Convergent force fields organized in the frog's spinal cord , 1993, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[5]  J J Collins,et al.  The redundant nature of locomotor optimization laws. , 1995, Journal of biomechanics.

[6]  V. Vanderhorst,et al.  Organization of lumbosacral motoneuronal cell groups innervating hindlimb, pelvic floor, and axial muscles in the cat , 1997, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[7]  E. Bizzi,et al.  Spinal cord modular organization and rhythm generation: an NMDA iontophoretic study in the frog. , 1998, Journal of neurophysiology.

[8]  A Levinsson,et al.  Sensorimotor transformation in cat nociceptive withdrawal reflex system , 1999, The European journal of neuroscience.

[9]  E. Bizzi,et al.  The construction of movement by the spinal cord , 1999, Nature Neuroscience.

[10]  E. Bizzi,et al.  Responses to spinal microstimulation in the chronically spinalized rat and their relationship to spinal systems activated by low threshold cutaneous stimulation , 1999, Experimental Brain Research.

[11]  A. Arampatzis,et al.  The effect of speed on leg stiffness and joint kinetics in human running. , 1999, Journal of biomechanics.

[12]  W J Kargo,et al.  Rapid Correction of Aimed Movements by Summation of Force-Field Primitives , 2000, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[13]  S. Giszter,et al.  Output Units of Motor Behavior: An Experimental and Modeling Study , 2000, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[14]  T. Burkholder,et al.  The mechanical action of proprioceptive length feedback in a model of cat hindlimb. , 2000, Motor control.

[15]  E. Bizzi,et al.  Muscle synergies encoded within the spinal cord: evidence from focal intraspinal NMDA iontophoresis in the frog. , 2001, Journal of neurophysiology.

[16]  Hans Holmberg,et al.  Spinal Sensorimotor Transformation: Relation between Cutaneous Somatotopy and a Reflex Network , 2002, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[17]  Emilio Bizzi,et al.  Combinations of muscle synergies in the construction of a natural motor behavior , 2003, Nature Neuroscience.

[18]  R B Stein,et al.  Movements generated by intraspinal microstimulation in the intermediate gray matter of the anesthetized, decerebrate, and spinal cat. , 2004, Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology.

[19]  M. Lemay,et al.  Modularity of motor output evoked by intraspinal microstimulation in cats. , 2004, Journal of neurophysiology.

[20]  A. Prochazka,et al.  Movements elicited by electrical stimulation of muscles, nerves, intermediate spinal cord, and spinal roots in anesthetized and decerebrate cats , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering.

[21]  R.B. Stein,et al.  The role of neuromuscular properties in determining the end-point of a movement , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering.

[22]  T Richard Nichols,et al.  Three‐dimensional model of the feline hindlimb , 2004, Journal of morphology.

[23]  S. Giszter,et al.  Modular Premotor Drives and Unit Bursts as Primitives for Frog Motor Behaviors , 2004, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[24]  Lena H Ting,et al.  A limited set of muscle synergies for force control during a postural task. , 2005, Journal of neurophysiology.

[25]  E. Bizzi,et al.  Central and Sensory Contributions to the Activation and Organization of Muscle Synergies during Natural Motor Behaviors , 2005, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[26]  Emilio Bizzi,et al.  Shared and specific muscle synergies in natural motor behaviors. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.