RESEARCH AND EDUCATION A review of pharmacotherapeutics for prosthetic dentistry: Part !

Purpose. The purpose of this article is to review pharmacologic properties of prototype and new drugs that are particularly useful for operative procedures and treatment of the oral cavity. The information presented should enable clinicians to improve clinical outcomes and make a more knowledgeable assessment and comparison of standard drugs with recently released drugs. (~ Prosthet Dent 1997;77:285-92.) Clinicians become familiar with the therapeutics, side effects, and potential for drug interactions of a variety of drugs in their daily practice. However, new drugs often introduce new concepts of therapeutics, mechanisms of action, side effects, and potential for interactions. The drugs discussed in Parts I and II of this article have been divided according to their class or therapeutic use and include prototype and recently approved agents. The drugs reviewed in Part I are agents used in prosthetic dentistry for the therapeutic purpose ofcansing a localized effect in the oral cavity: local anesthetics, vasoconstricting agents, agents for gingival retraction, astringents, hemostatic agents, agents for treating xerostomia such as sialogogues and saliva substitutes, mouth rinses with fluoride, and antisialogogues. Drugs reviewed in Part II are used for a more general and systemic pharmacologic effect: analgesics, including nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, opioids, and steroids; antibiotics; mouth rinses with antiinfective agents; antiseptics and disinfectants; antianxiety agents; and muscle relaxants.

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