Speaker recognition—Identifying people by their voices

The usefulness of identifying a person from the characteristics of his voice is increasing with the growing importance of automatic information processing and telecommunications. This paper reviews the voice characteristics and identification techniques used in recognizing people by their voices. A discussion of inherent performance limitations, along with a review of the performance achieved by listening, visual examination of spectrograms, and automatic computer techniques, attempts to provide a perspective with which to evaluate the potential of speaker recognition and productive directions for research into and application of speaker recognition technology.

[1]  Francis Nolan,et al.  The Phonetic Bases of Speaker Recognition , 1983 .

[2]  Sadaoki Furui,et al.  Comparison of speaker recognition methods using statistical features and dynamic features , 1981 .

[3]  C. A. McGonegal,et al.  Speaker verification by human listeners over several speech transmission systems , 1978, The Bell System Technical Journal.

[4]  S. Pruzansky.  Pattern‐Matching Procedure for Automatic Talker Recognition , 1963 .

[5]  A. Rosenberg,et al.  Listener performance in speaker verification tasks , 1973 .

[6]  Parcor Coeff,et al.  Comparison of Speaker Recognition Methods Using Statistical Features and Dynamic Features , 1981 .

[7]  F. McGehee.  The Reliability of the Identification of the Human Voice , 1937 .

[8]  A. Schmidt‐Nielsen,et al.  Identification of known voices as a function of familiarity and narrow‐band coding , 1985 .

[9]  E E David,et al.  Identification of a speaker by speech spectrograms. , 1969, Science.

[10]  A. E. Rosenberg,et al.  Evaluation of an automatic speaker-verification system over telephone lines , 1976, The Bell System Technical Journal.

[12]  A.E. Rosenberg,et al.  Automatic speaker verification: A review , 1976, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[13]  B. Eisenstein,et al.  Feature selection via dynamic programming for text-independent speaker identification , 1978 .

[14]  Richard M. Schwartz,et al.  Further investigation of probabilistic methods for text-independent speaker identification , 1983, ICASSP.

[15]  F S Cooper,et al.  Speaker identification by speech spectrograms: a scientists' view of its reliability for legal purposes. , 1970, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[16]  J. Markel,et al.  Text-independent speaker recognition from a large linguistically unconstrained time-spaced data base , 1979 .

[17]  F. Clarke,et al.  Comparison of techniques for discriminating among talkers. , 1969, Journal of speech and hearing research.

[18]  K. P. Li,et al.  An approach to text-independent speaker recognition with short utterances , 1983, ICASSP.

[19]  Herbert J. Oyer,et al.  Latest Developments in Voice Identification , 1972 .

[20]  Larry Pfeifer.  New techniques for text-independent speaker identification , 1978, ICASSP.

[21]  K. Stevens,et al.  Emotions and speech: some acoustical correlates. , 1972, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[22]  Frank R. Clarke,et al.  CHARACTERISTICS THAT DETERMINE SPEAKER RECOGNITION. , 1966 .

[23]  A. Rosenberg,et al.  Test of an Automatic Speaker Verification Method with Intensively Trained Professional Mimics , 1972 .

[24]  Herbert Gish,et al.  Investigation of text-independent speaker identification techniques under conditions of variable data , 1984, ICASSP.

[25]  A. Gray,et al.  Long-term feature averaging for speaker recognition , 1977 .

[26]  Herbert Gish,et al.  Investigation of text-independent speaker indentification over telephone channels , 1985, ICASSP '85. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[27]  J. Wolf.  Efficient Acoustic Parameters for Speaker Recognition , 1972 .

[28]  Richard M. Schwartz,et al.  The application of probability density estimation to text-independent speaker identification , 1982, ICASSP.

[29]  Malayappan Shridhar,et al.  Text-independent speaker recognition: A review and some new results , 1982, Speech Commun..

[30]  W. Voiers.  Perceptual Bases of Speaker Identity , 1964 .

[31]  B.S. Atal,et al.  Automatic recognition of speakers from their voices , 1976, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[32]  George R. Doddington,et al.  A speaker recognizability test for communications systems , 1983 .

[33]  J. R. Carbonell,et al.  Speaker authentication and identification: a comparison of spectrographic and auditory presentations of speech material. , 1968, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[34]  Robert E. Wohlford,et al.  A comparison of four techniques for automatic speaker recognition , 1980, ICASSP.