Design and analysis of research using time series.

The purpose of the present paper is to present a methodological approach to such research areas as psychotherapy, education, psychophysiology, operant research, etc., where the data consist of dependent observations over time. Existing methodologies are frequently inappropriate to research in these areas; common field methodologies are unable to control irrelevant variables and eliminate rival hypotheses, while traditional parametric laboratory designs relying on control groups are often unsuitable. New data-analysis techniques have made possible the development of a different methodological approach which can be applied in either the laboratory or in natural (field) settings. This approach is responsive to ecological considerations (Willems, 1965) while permitting satisfactory experimental control. Control is achieved by a network of complementary control strategies, not solely by control-group designs.

[1]  J. Wolfowitz,et al.  An Introduction to the Theory of Statistics , 1951, Nature.

[2]  H. Alexander.  A general test for trend. , 1946, Psychological bulletin.

[3]  Herman O. A. Wold,et al.  Bibliography on Time Series and Stochastic Processes. , 1966 .

[4]  J. Wolfowitz,et al.  Introduction to the Theory of Statistics. , 1951 .

[5]  M. S. Bartlett,et al.  Some Aspects of the Time-Correlation Problem in Regard to Tests of Significance , 1935 .

[6]  Karl A. Fox,et al.  Methods of Correlation and Regression Analysis. , 1930 .

[7]  Bernard Warner.  Bibliography on Time Series and Stochastic Processes , 1966 .

[8]  P. Levy.  Short-form tests. A methodological review. , 1968, Psychological bulletin.

[9]  G. Yule.  Why do we Sometimes get Nonsense-Correlations between Time-Series?--A Study in Sampling and the Nature of Time-Series , 1926 .

[10]  D. A. Grant.  Analysis-of-variance tests in the analysis and comparison of curves. , 1956, Psychological bulletin.

[11]  D. Campbell,et al.  Unobtrusive Measures: Nonreactive Research in the Social Sciences , 1966 .

[12]  R. Strahan.  A Coefficient of Directional Correlation for Time Series Analyses , 1971 .

[13]  Methods of Correlation and Regression Analysis, Linear and Curvilinear , 1959 .

[14]  George E. P. Box,et al.  MODELS FOR FORECASTING SEASONAL AND NON-SEASONAL TIME SERIES. , 1967 .

[15]  J. C. Flanagan.  Psychological Bulletin THE CRITICAL INCIDENT TECHNIQUE , 2022 .

[16]  G. C. Tiao,et al.  A CHANGE IN LEVEL OF A NON-STATIONARY TIME SERIES. , 1965 .

[17]  R. Anderson.  Distribution of the Serial Correlation Coefficient , 1942 .

[18]  Norbert Wiener,et al.  Extrapolation, Interpolation, and Smoothing of Stationary Time Series, with Engineering Applications , 1949 .