Reification of phonological storage

We question the arguments and data presented by Larsen and Baddeley (this issue 2003) in support of the phonological loop account of verbal short-term memory on a number of grounds. These include the correlation between effect size and the presence of a phonological similarity effect in the data, and the existence elsewhere in the literature of effects of articulatory suppression and interference between verbal and nonverbal information that undermines the phonological loop account. We question the idea that short-term memory phenomena are best conceived of in terms of phonological storage, and we sketch an alternative perspective that does not rely on the notion of a bespoke phonological store, an entity that we argue represents a reification.

[1]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  The phonological store of working memory: is it phonological and is it a store? , 2004, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[2]  J Richard Hanley,et al.  Irrelevant speech , articulatory suppression , and phonological similarity : A test of the phonological loop model and the feature model , 2003 .

[3]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  Does auditory streaming require attention? Evidence from attentional selectivity in short-term memory. , 2003, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[4]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  Articulatory complexity at item boundaries in serial recall: the case of Welsh and English digit span. , 2002, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[5]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  The sandwich effect reassessed: Effects of streaming, distraction, and modality , 2002, Memory & cognition.

[6]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  Capturing the suffix: cognitive streaming in immediate serial recall. , 2002, Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory and Cognition.

[7]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  The impact of broadband noise on serial memory: Changes in band-pass frequency increase disruption , 2001, Memory.

[8]  A. Bregman.  Auditory Scene Analysis , 2001 .

[9]  A. Baddeley.  The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory? , 2000, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[10]  I. Neath.  Modeling the effects of irrelevant speech on memory , 2000, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[11]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  Interference in memory by process or content? A reply to Neath (2000) , 2000, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[12]  Robert H. Logie,et al.  Visual Similarity Effects in Immediate Verbal Serial Recall , 2000, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology.

[13]  Sébastien Tremblay,et al.  Attentional Selectivity in Short-term Memory: Similarity of Process, Not Similarity of Content, Determines Disruption , 1999 .

[14]  Karl Christoph Klauer,et al.  Working memory and changing-state hypothesis. , 1999 .

[15]  Carolyn E. Wilshire,et al.  The “Tongue Twister” Paradigm as a Technique for Studying Phonological Encoding , 1999 .

[16]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  Organizational factors in selective attention: The interplay of acoustic distinctiveness and auditory streaming in the irrelevant sound effect , 1999 .

[17]  Clive Frankish,et al.  "Phonotactic influences on short-term memory": Correction. , 1999 .

[18]  C. Frankish,et al.  Phonotactic influences on short-term memory. , 1999, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[19]  N. Burgess.  Memory for Serial Order : A Network Model of the Phonological Loop and its Timing , 1999 .

[20]  D. Norris,et al.  The primacy model: a new model of immediate serial recall. , 1998, Psychological review.

[21]  R. Henson.  Short-Term Memory for Serial Order: The Start-End Model , 1998, Cognitive Psychology.

[22]  W. Macken,et al.  Disruption of Short Term Recognition Memory for Tones: Streaming or Interference? , 1997, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology.

[23]  Marcella Laiacona,et al.  Group aggregates and individual reliability: The case of verbal short-term memory , 1996, Memory & cognition.

[24]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  Functional equivalence of verbal and spatial information in serial short-term memory. , 1995, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[25]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  Organizational factors in the effect of irrelevant speech: The role of spatial location and timing , 1995, Memory & cognition.

[26]  W J Macken,et al.  Functional characteristics of the inner voice and the inner ear: single or double agency? , 1995, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[27]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  Irrelevant tones produce an irrelevant speech effect : Implications for phonological coding in working memory , 1993 .

[28]  S. Saito.  The disappearance of phonological similarity effect by complex rhythmic tapping , 1993 .

[29]  S. Shattuck-Hufnagel.  The role of word structure in segmental serial ordering , 1992, Cognition.

[30]  Dylan M. Jones,et al.  Privileged Access by Irrelevant Speech to Short-term Memory: The Role of Changing State , 1992, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology.

[31]  A. Baddeley.  Human Memory: Theory and Practice, Revised Edition , 1990 .

[32]  Alan D. Baddeley,et al.  Effects of Background Music on Phonological Short-Term Memory , 1989 .

[33]  J. Richard Hanley,et al.  The effect of unattended speech on serial recall following auditory presentation , 1987 .

[34]  A Baddeley,et al.  Noise, unattended speech and short-term memory. , 1987, Ergonomics.

[35]  Alan D. Baddeley,et al.  Phonological factors in STM: Similarity and the unattended speech effect , 1986 .

[36]  Daniel Reisberg,et al.  Limits of working memory: The digit digit-span. , 1984 .

[37]  Alan D. Baddeley,et al.  Disruption of short-term memory by unattended speech : Implications for the structure of working memory , 1982 .

[38]  Andrew W. Ellis,et al.  Errors in speech and short-term memory: The effects of phonemic similarity and syllable position , 1980 .

[39]  Alan B. Welsh,et al.  Acoustic masking in primary memory. , 1976 .