Borate-Based Ultraviolet and Deep-Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Crystals

Borates have long been recognized as a very important family of nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals, and have been widely used in the laser frequency-converting technology in ultraviolet (UV) and deep-ultraviolet (DUV) regions. In this work, the borate-based UV and DUV NLO crystals discovered in the recent decade are reviewed, and the structure–property relationship in the representative borate-based UV and DUV NLO crystals is analyzed. It is concluded that the optical properties of these crystals can be well explained directly from the types and spatial arrangements of B-O groups. The deduced mechanism understanding has significant implications for the exploration and design of new borate-based crystals with excellent UV and DUV NLO performance.

[1]  Zheshuai Lin,et al.  AZn2BO3X2(A = K, Rb, NH4; X = Cl, Br): New Members of KBBF Family Exhibiting Large SHG Response and the Enhancement of Layer Interaction by Modified Structures , 2016 .

[2]  Chengqian Zhang,et al.  Generation of vacuum-ultraviolet light by an optically contacted, prism-coupled KBe2BO3F2 crystal. , 2003, Optics letters.

[3]  Yicheng Wu,et al.  New nonlinear-optical crystal: LiB 3 O 5 , 1989 .

[4]  Xiaoyang Wang,et al.  Beryllium-Free KBBF Family of Nonlinear-Optical Crystals: AZn2BO3X2 (A = Na, K, Rb; X = Cl, Br). , 2016, Inorganic chemistry.

[5]  V. V. Starshenko,et al.  Crystal growth and properties of strontium tetraborate , 1994 .

[6]  罗豪甦.  K3B6O10Cl: A New Structure Analogous to Perovskite with a Large Second Harmonic Generation Response and Deep UV Absorption Edge , 2011 .

[7]  Tsuyoshi Yamada,et al.  Quartz revisits nonlinear optics: twinned crystal for quasi-phase matching [Invited] , 2011 .

[8]  Zheshuai Lin,et al.  First-Principles Evaluation of the Alkali and/or Alkaline Earth Beryllium Borates in Deep Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Applications , 2015 .

[9]  Guiling Wang,et al.  Ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal: CsBe 2 BO 3 F 2 , 2011 .

[10]  A. V. Zamkov,et al.  Nonlinear optical, piezoelectric, and acoustic properties of SrB4O7 , 2006 .

[11]  Lin Zhao,et al.  Coexistence of Fermi arcs and Fermi pockets in a high-Tc copper oxide superconductor , 2009, Nature.

[12]  Chuangtian Chen,et al.  Recent advances in deep and vacuum-UV harmonic generation with KBBF crystal , 2004 .

[13]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of K3B6O10Br Single Crystal: Experiment and Calculation , 2014 .

[14]  Zheshuai Lin,et al.  LaBeB3O7: a new phase-matchable nonlinear optical crystal exclusively containing the tetrahedral XO4 (X = B and Be) anionic groups , 2013 .

[15]  M. Shi,et al.  Observation of a ubiquitous three-dimensional superconducting gap function in optimally-doped Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ , 2010, 1006.3958.

[16]  Hongping Wu,et al.  Growth, thermal and optical properties of a novel nonlinear optical material K3B6O10Cl , 2012 .

[17]  Yihe Zhang,et al.  Deep-ultraviolet nonlinear optical materials: Na2Be4B4O11 and LiNa5Be12B12O33. , 2013, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[18]  C. T. Chen,et al.  Deep-UV nonlinear optical crystal KBe2BO3F2—discovery, growth, optical properties and applications , 2009 .

[19]  Zheshuai Lin,et al.  Beryllium-free Rb3Al3B3O10F with reinforced interlayer bonding as a deep-ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal. , 2015, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[20]  Masashi Yoshimura,et al.  Nonlinear optical borate crystals : principles and applications , 2012 .

[21]  Zheshuai Lin,et al.  Beryllium-free Li4Sr(BO3)2 for deep-ultraviolet nonlinear optical applications , 2014, Nature Communications.

[22]  Lijuan Liu,et al.  High average power third harmonic generation at 355 nm with K3B6O10Br crystal. , 2016, Optics express.

[23]  James M Rondinelli,et al.  K3B6O10Cl: a new structure analogous to perovskite with a large second harmonic generation response and deep UV absorption edge. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[24]  Baojian Xu,et al.  Growth and nonlinear optical properties of K3B6O10Br crystal , 2014 .

[25]  T. Y. Tien,et al.  STUDIES IN LITHIUM OXIDE SYSTEMS: XI. Li$sub 2$O-B$sub 2$O$sub 3$-P$sub 2$O$sub 5$ , 1961 .

[26]  Donald M. Burland,et al.  SECOND-ORDER NONLINEARITY IN POLED-POLYMER SYSTEMS , 1994 .

[27]  C. Peters,et al.  Generation of optical harmonics , 1961 .

[28]  Zheshuai Lin,et al.  The development of new borate-based UV nonlinear optical crystals , 2005 .

[29]  X. Huang,et al.  Crystal structure of KBe2BO3F2 , 1995 .

[30]  Xu Zuyan,et al.  Determination of Nonlinear Optical Coefficients of KBe2BO3F2 Crystals , 2003 .

[31]  Younan Xia,et al.  New development of nonlinear optical crystals for the ultraviolet region with molecular engineering approach , 1995 .

[32]  Zheshuai Lin,et al.  A new UV nonlinear optical material CsZn2B3O7: ZnO4 tetrahedra double the efficiency of second-harmonic generation. , 2014, Inorganic chemistry.

[33]  Hongwei Huang,et al.  Ab initio studies on the optical effects in the deep ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystals of the KBe2BO3F2 family , 2012, Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal.

[34]  Zhihua Yang,et al.  A novel deep UV nonlinear optical crystal Ba3B6O11F2, with a new fundamental building block, B6O14 group , 2012 .

[35]  T. Togashi,et al.  Second-harmonic generation from a KBe(2) BO(3)F(2) crystal in the deep ultraviolet. , 2002, Optics letters.

[36]  W. Li,et al.  Alkaline beryllium borate NaBeB(3)O(6) and ABe(2)B(3)O(7) (A = K, Rb) as UV nonlinear optical crystals. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[37]  Zheshuai Lin,et al.  BaBe2BO3F3: A KBBF-Type Deep-Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Material with Reinforced [Be2BO3F2]∞ Layers and Short Phase-Matching Wavelength , 2016 .

[38]  Ning Ye,et al.  Computer-Assisted Search for Nonlinear Optical Crystals , 1999 .

[39]  C. T. Chen,et al.  12.95 mW sixth harmonic generation with KBe2BO3F2 crystal , 2008 .

[40]  王桂玲,et al.  Determination of Nonlinear Optical Coefficients of KBe2BO3F2 Crystals , 2003 .

[41]  Petra Becker,et al.  Borate Materials in Nonlinear Optics , 1998 .

[42]  Guiling Wang,et al.  Deep UV nonlinear optical crystal:RbBe 2 (BO 3 )F 2 , 2009 .

[43]  K. Poeppelmeier,et al.  Cs2B4SiO9: a deep-ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal. , 2013, Angewandte Chemie.

[44]  David Eimerl,et al.  Optical, mechanical, and thermal properties of barium borate , 1987 .

[45]  M. Schmidt,et al.  Growth and Characterization of BPO4 Single Crystals , 2004 .

[46]  T. Togashi,et al.  Ultrahigh-resolution photoemission spectroscopy of superconductors using a VUV laser , 2005 .

[47]  Ning Ye,et al.  The vacuum ultraviolet phase‐matching characteristics of nonlinear optical KBe2BO3F2 crystal , 1996 .

[48]  Rukang Li,et al.  Second-harmonic generation at 532 nm in K(3)B(6)O(10)Br crystal. , 2015, Optics letters.

[49]  Chen Chuangtian,et al.  A NEW-TYPE ULTRAVIOLET SHG CRYSTAL——β-BaB 2 O 4 , 1985 .

[50]  Zheshuai Lin,et al.  Molecular Engineering Design to Resolve the Layering Habit and Polymorphism Problems in Deep UV NLO Crystals: New Structures in MM′Be2B2O6F (M: Na, M′: Ca; M: K, M′: Ca, Sr). , 2011 .

[51]  K. Poeppelmeier,et al.  Cs3Zn6B9O21: a chemically benign member of the KBBF family exhibiting the largest second harmonic generation response. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[52]  Baichang Wu,et al.  Design and synthesis of an ultraviolet-transparent nonlinear optical crystal Sr2Be2B2O7 , 1995, Nature.

[53]  M. Zhang,et al.  Sr3B6O11F2: a promising polar fluoroborate with short UV absorption edge and moderate second harmonic generation response , 2013 .

[54]  Yong Zhu,et al.  Optical properties of the vacuum-ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal—BPO_4 , 2011 .

[55]  Steen Brøndsted Nielsen,et al.  Tunable kHz Deep Ultraviolet (193–210 nm) Laser for Raman Applications , 2005, Applied spectroscopy.

[56]  V. Petrov,et al.  Application of the nonlinear crystal SrB4O7 for ultrafast diagnostics converting to wavelengths as short as 125 nm. , 2004, Optics letters.

[57]  N. V. Svitanko,et al.  New nonlinear optical crystals: Strontium and lead tetraborates , 1995 .

[58]  Zheshuai Lin,et al.  NaSr 3 Be 3 B 3 O 9 F 4 : A Promising Deep-Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Material Resulting from the Cooperative Alignment of the , 2011 .

[59]  T. Togashi,et al.  Photoemission spectroscopic evidence of gap anisotropy in an f-electron superconductor. , 2005, Physical review letters.

[60]  T. Kanai,et al.  Nonlinear optics in the extreme ultraviolet , 2004, Nature.

[61]  Bai-chang Wu,et al.  Linear and nonlinear optical properties of the KBe2BO3F2 (KBBF) crystal , 1996 .

[62]  F. A. Hummel,et al.  Studies in Lithium Oxide Systems: XII, Li2O‐B2O3‐Al2O3 , 1958 .

[63]  T. Halfmann,et al.  Source of metastable H(2s) atoms using the Stark chirped rapid-adiabatic-passage technique , 1999 .

[64]  N. N. Mochenova,et al.  Potassium bromo-borate K3[B6O10]Br—A new nonlinear optical material , 2006 .

[65]  Georges Teyssot.  Crystals , 2013, Metaphors in Architecture and Urbanism.