Obsessive passion, competence, and performance in a project management context

Abstract Obsessive passion is when people have a strong inclination toward an activity that they like, find important, and in which they spend significant time, but also feel internal pressure to engage in. Prior research has demonstrated that obsessive passion typically brings several negative consequences. The present study nuances the picture by showing that there are indeed conditions when obsessive passion can be beneficial and that it has an important role for project management. It develops and tests hypotheses on the role of project leaders' obsessive passion for project goals. Results support that challenging goals are attained to a greater extent if the project leader scores high on obsessive passion. Such obsessive passion, in turn, is a result of the project leader's competence (positive relationship) and the team's competence (inverted U-shaped relationship). These results have important implications for theory and future research on passion, goal theory, and competence in projects.

[1]  R. Vallerand,et al.  When passion leads to excellence: the case of musicians , 2011 .

[2]  Geneviève A. Mageau,et al.  Les passions de l'ame: on obsessive and harmonious passion. , 2003, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[3]  Tonya M. Peterson,et al.  Motivation: How to Increase Project Team Performance , 2007 .

[4]  E. A. Locke,et al.  Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation. A 35-year odyssey. , 2002, The American psychologist.

[5]  J. Hollenbeck,et al.  An empirical examination of the antecedents of commitment to difficult goals. , 1989 .

[6]  J. Wincent,et al.  THE NATURE AND EXPERIENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL PASSION , 2009 .

[7]  J. Wincent,et al.  The entrepreneur's role stressors and proclivity for a venture withdrawal , 2008 .

[8]  Edwin A. Locke,et al.  Enhancing the Benefits and Overcoming the Pitfalls of Goal Setting , 2006 .

[9]  David Baccarini,et al.  The concept of project complexity—a review , 1996 .

[10]  M. Brewer,et al.  Self-evaluation effects of interpersonal versus intergroup social comparison. , 1994, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[11]  B. Fritz,et al.  The experience of flow and subjective well-being of music students , 2007 .

[12]  R. Müller,et al.  Leadership competency profiles of successful project managers , 2010 .

[13]  Thierry Picq,et al.  Opening the “Black Box” of Collective Competence in Extreme Projects: Lessons from the French Special Forces , 2010 .

[14]  J. Wincent,et al.  Goal Commitment and Performance: An Empirical Study Incorporating Role-Stress Literature to Reveal Functional and Dysfunctional Influences , 2011 .

[15]  R. Vallerand,et al.  Passion and Psychological Adjustment: A Test of the Person-Environment Fit Hypothesis , 2006, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

[16]  Dan J. Putka,et al.  Two studies examining the negative effect of self-efficacy on performance. , 2002, The Journal of applied psychology.

[17]  Donald B. Fedor,et al.  Development and field test of a feedback seeking, self-efficacy, and goal setting model of work performance , 2001 .

[18]  David J. Shernoff,et al.  Student engagement in high school classrooms from the perspective of flow theory. , 2003 .

[19]  E. A. Locke,et al.  Cognitive aspects of psychomotor performance The effects o performance goals on level of performance. , 1966, The Journal of applied psychology.

[20]  J. Ivancevich Perceived need satisfactions of domestic versus overseas managers. , 1969, The Journal of applied psychology.

[21]  K. Williams,et al.  Many Hands Make Light the Work: The Causes and Consequences of Social Loafing , 1979 .

[22]  N. Kaslow Competencies in professional psychology. , 2004, The American psychologist.

[23]  R. Bagozzi,et al.  On the evaluation of structural equation models , 1988 .

[24]  Geneviève A. Mageau,et al.  Passion and performance attainment in sport , 2008 .

[25]  Paul D. Nelson,et al.  A Cube Model for Competency Development: Implications for Psychology Educators and Regulators , 2005 .

[26]  M. Valcke,et al.  Judgments of self-perceived academic competence and their differential impact on students’ achievement motivation, learning approach, and academic performance , 2010 .

[27]  Laura M. Stapleton,et al.  Core self-evaluations and job burnout: the test of alternative models. , 2005, Journal of occupational health psychology.

[28]  David J. Radosevich,et al.  The moderating role of goal commitment on the goal difficulty–performance relationship: A meta-analytic review and critical reanalysis. , 1998 .

[29]  Bradley J. Alge,et al.  Goal commitment and the goal-setting process: conceptual clarification and empirical synthesis. , 1999, The Journal of applied psychology.

[30]  E. A. Locke,et al.  Goal setting and task performance: 1969–1980. , 1981 .

[31]  Yitzhak Fried,et al.  Enriching Goal-Setting Theory with Time: An Integrated Approach , 2004 .

[32]  Yun-Chul Chung,et al.  Managing uncertainty and ambiguity in frontier R&D projects: A Korean case study , 2007 .

[33]  Edward A. Smith,et al.  Development of a Leisure Experience Battery for Adolescents: parsimony, stability, and validity. , 1992 .

[34]  J. Wincent,et al.  Role stress, exhaustion, and satisfaction : a cross-lagged structural equation modeling approach supporting Hobfoll's loss spirals , 2010 .

[35]  Joseph Lampel,et al.  The Core Competencies of Effective Project Execution: The Challenge of Diversity , 2001 .

[36]  C. Sansone The effects of competence and task feedback on intrinsic interest , 1986 .

[37]  Edward E. Rigdon,et al.  Play, Flow, and the Online Search Experience , 2004 .

[38]  E. A. Locke Motivation through conscious goal setting , 1996 .

[39]  D. Gerbing,et al.  Viability of exploratory factor analysis as a precursor to confirmatory factor analysis , 1996 .

[40]  J. Osterlund Competence management by informatics in R&D: the corporate level , 1997 .

[41]  C. Leach,et al.  Upward social comparison and self-concept: inspiration and inferiority among art students in an advanced programme. , 2005, The British journal of social psychology.

[42]  Richard E. Boyatzis,et al.  The Competent Manager: A Model for Effective Performance , 1982 .

[43]  S. Karau,et al.  Social loafing and social compensation: the effects of expectations of co-worker performance. , 1991, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[44]  E. A. Locke,et al.  New Directions in Goal-Setting Theory , 2006 .

[45]  M. Csíkszentmihályi,et al.  Optimal experience in work and leisure. , 1989, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[46]  Yasemin Y. Kor,et al.  Experience-Based Top Management Team Competence and Sustained Growth , 2003, Organ. Sci..

[47]  Laurie B. Mintz,et al.  Recognizing, Assessing, and Intervening With Problems of Professional Competence , 2007 .

[48]  Monique Aubry,et al.  Ambidexterity as a Competence of Project Leaders: A Case Study from Two Polar Expeditions , 2010 .

[49]  Geneviève A. Mageau,et al.  On the role of passion in performance. , 2007, Journal of personality.

[50]  Steven J. Karau,et al.  The effects of group cohesiveness on social loafing and social compensation. , 1997 .

[51]  Kennon M. Sheldon,et al.  Implicit need for achievement moderates the relationship between competence need satisfaction and subsequent motivation , 2010 .

[52]  Anita L. Wenden,et al.  Learner training in context: A knowledge-based approach , 1995 .

[53]  D. Martinot,et al.  Being outperformed in an intergroup context: the relationship between group status and self-protective strategies. , 2009, The British journal of social psychology.

[54]  M. Csíkszentmihályi,et al.  The Concept of Flow , 2014 .

[55]  K. A. Ericsson,et al.  Maintaining excellence: deliberate practice and elite performance in young and older pianists. , 1996, Journal of experimental psychology. General.

[56]  N. Charness,et al.  Expert Performance Its Structure and Acquisition , 2002 .

[57]  Dennis Wittmer,et al.  Influence Methods of Project Managers: Perceptions of Team Members and Project Managers , 2001 .

[58]  Constantine Sedikides,et al.  Competence Valuation as a Strategic Intrinsic Motivation Process , 2000 .

[59]  J. Wincent,et al.  A Comprehensive Model of Entrepreneur Role Stress Antecedents and Consequences , 2009 .

[60]  Kipling D. Williams,et al.  PROCESSES Social Loafing: A Meta-Analytic Review and Theoretical Integration , 2022 .

[61]  Lynn Crawford,et al.  Senior management perceptions of project management competence , 2005 .

[62]  Allen E. Milewski,et al.  Occurrence and Effects of Leader Delegation in Virtual Software Teams , 2009, Int. J. e Collab..

[63]  Elizabeth A. L. Stine-Morrow,et al.  In the zone: flow state and cognition in older adults. , 2011, Psychology and aging.

[64]  Sharlett Gillard,et al.  The Competencies of Effective Project Managers: A Conceptual Analysis , 2005 .

[65]  Jeffrey B Vancouver,et al.  When self-efficacy negatively relates to motivation and performance in a learning context. , 2006, The Journal of applied psychology.

[66]  Eric G. Donahue,et al.  Passion for an activity and quality of interpersonal relationships: the mediating role of emotions. , 2010, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[67]  J. Wincent,et al.  Passion and challenging goals: drawbacks of rushing into goal-setting processes , 2013 .

[68]  N. W. Van Yperen,et al.  Task interest and actual performance : The moderating effects of assigned and adopted purpose goals , 2003 .

[69]  Ken G. Smith,et al.  A Multidimensional Model of Venture Growth , 2001 .

[70]  Catherine M. Beise,et al.  Do project managers practice what they preach, and does it matter to project success? , 2010 .

[71]  Simone Kauffeld,et al.  Self‐directed work groups and team competence , 2006 .

[72]  Robert J. Crutcher,et al.  The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance. , 1993 .

[73]  M. Csíkszentmihályi If we are so rich, why aren't we happy? , 1999 .

[74]  Joakim Wincent,et al.  Examining Positive Performance Implications of Role Stressors by the Indirect Influence of Positive Affect: A Study of New Business Managers , 2011 .

[75]  Sara A. McComb,et al.  Team flexibility's relationship to staffing and performance in complex projects: An empirical analysis , 2007 .

[76]  R. Eisenberger,et al.  Flow experiences at work: for high need achievers alone? , 2005 .

[77]  Geneviève A. Mageau,et al.  “Work is my passion”: The different affective, behavioural, and cognitive consequences of harmonious and obsessive passion toward work , 2011 .

[78]  E. A. Locke,et al.  The relationship of intentions to level of performance. , 1966, The Journal of applied psychology.

[79]  S. Scott Social identification effects in product and process development teams , 1997 .

[80]  D. A. Kenny,et al.  The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. , 1986, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[81]  N. Ellemers,et al.  Defining the common feature: task-related differences as the basis for dyadic identity. , 2007, The British journal of social psychology.

[82]  P J Geiwitz,et al.  Structure of boredom. , 1966, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[83]  S. Harkins,et al.  Effects of task difficulty and task uniqueness on social loafing. , 1982 .

[84]  D. Conroy,et al.  The effects of autonomy-supportive coaching, need satisfaction, and self-perceptions on initiative and identity in youth swimmers. , 2009, Developmental psychology.

[85]  P. Kraft,et al.  The dark side of leisure: obsessive passion and its covariates and outcomes , 2011 .

[86]  E. A. Locke,et al.  Goal setting as a means of increasing motivation. , 1967, The Journal of applied psychology.

[87]  C. Dweck Article Commentary: The Study of Goals in Psychology , 1992 .

[88]  Stephen J. Vodanovich,et al.  The essence of boredom. , 1993 .

[89]  S. West,et al.  Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. , 1994 .

[90]  Jonas Söderlund,et al.  Building theories of project management : Past research, questions for the future , 2004 .

[91]  E. Higgins,et al.  Pragmatic use of stereotyping in teamwork: social loafing and compensation as a function of inferred partner-situation fit. , 2000, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[92]  E. Deci,et al.  The "What" and "Why" of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior , 2000 .

[93]  Kumar Neeraj Jha,et al.  Commitment, coordination, competence and the iron triangle , 2007 .

[94]  D. Partington,et al.  Attributes and levels of programme management competence: an interpretive study , 2005 .

[95]  E. A. Locke,et al.  Performance goals as determinants of level of performance and boredom. , 1967, The Journal of applied psychology.

[96]  Edwin A. Locke,et al.  Increasing productivity and decreasing time limits: A field replication of Parkinson's law. , 1975 .

[97]  Trevor T. Moores,et al.  Self-efficacy, overconfidence, and the negative effect on subsequent performance: A field study , 2009, Inf. Manag..

[98]  Margaret F. Shipley,et al.  Utilizing fuzzy compatibility of skill sets for team selection in multi-phase projects , 2002 .

[99]  Lyle M. Spencer,et al.  Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance , 1993 .

[100]  Christophe Haon,et al.  Familiarity and competence diversity in new product development teams: Effects on new product performance , 2009 .

[101]  R. Vallerand,et al.  On the role of passion for work in burnout: a process model. , 2010, Journal of personality.

[102]  R. Vallerand,et al.  On the causal effects of perceived competence on intrinsic motivation: A test of cognitive evaluation theory. , 1984 .