Non-orthogonal space-frequency block codes from cyclic codes for wireless systems employing MIMO-OFDM with index modulation

Abstract Space–frequency codes (SFC) having error correcting structure can be used to enhance the bit error rate (BER) performance of modern wireless systems (5G and beyond) employing multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and multi-carrier communication. In this work, the construction of non-orthogonal space–frequency block codes (NSFBC) from ( n , k ) cyclic codes has been proposed. In which, n represents the number of symbols in the codeword and k represents the number of symbols in the information sequence. The performance of proposed codes has been evaluated in MIMO systems employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing and index modulation (MIMO-OFDM-IM). We initially obtained ( n , k ) full rank cyclic codes for any 1 k ⌊ n m ⌋ using Galois field Fourier transform (GFFT) description of ( n , k ) cyclic codes over F q m . Further, NSFBCs are obtained from full rank codes using Rank preserving maps. In a 2 × 2 system and a 10-path MIMO channel, the proposed full rank NSFBC with rank-preserving IM mapping (FR-NSFBC-IM), over F 5 2 , provides he similar BER performance when compared to MIMO-OFDM-IM system with Rate-1 Alamouti code and QPSK. Moreover, it provides an improvement in spectral efficiency of about 0.9 b/s/Hz. When compared to the MIMO-OFDM-IM with BPSK, FR-NSFBC-IM codes over F 5 2 provide an asymptotic SNR gain of about 1 dB and also the spectral efficiency has been improved by about 0.6 b/s/Hz. In the 4 × 4 scenario, full rank NSFBCs over F 5 4 with rank deficient IM mapping (RD-NSFBC-IM) provide an improvement in spectral efficiency of about 1.3 b/s/Hz. However, BER performance is similar to that of MIMO-OFDM-IM with BPSK.

[1]  Yue Xiao,et al.  Space-Time Block Coded Differential Spatial Modulation , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[2]  Dimitri Ktenas,et al.  Waveform contenders for 5G: Description, analysis and comparison , 2017, Phys. Commun..

[3]  M. Reza Soleymani,et al.  On the BER Performance of Space-Frequency Block Coded OFDM Systems in Fading MIMO Channels , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[4]  B. Sundar Rajan,et al.  Full-diversity STBCs for block-fading channels from cyclic codes , 2004, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2004. GLOBECOM '04..

[5]  Klaus Huber.  Codes over Gaussian integers , 1994, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[6]  Tatsumi Konishi.  Integer Space–Time Block Codes With Large Trace Metrics , 2017, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters.

[7]  Khaled Ben Letaief,et al.  An efficient space-frequency coded OFDM system for broadband wireless communications , 2003, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[8]  Miaowen Wen,et al.  Multiple-Input Multiple-Output OFDM With Index Modulation: Low-Complexity Detector Design , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[9]  Hani Mehrpouyan,et al.  High-Rate and Low-Complexity Space-Time Block Codes for $2 \times 2$ MIMO Systems , 2016, IEEE Communications Letters.

[10]  Desmond P. Taylor,et al.  High-throughput error correcting space-time block codes , 2004, IEEE Communications Letters.

[11]  A. Robert Calderbank,et al.  Space-Time Codes for High Data Rate Wireless Communications : Performance criterion and Code Construction , 1998, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[12]  Martin Bossert,et al.  Maximum rank distance codes as space-time codes , 2003, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[13]  R. Blahut.  Theory and practice of error control codes , 1983 .

[14]  Robert F. H. Fischer,et al.  Space-time codes based on rank-metric codes and their decoding , 2016, 2016 International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS).

[15]  Ertugrul Basar,et al.  On Multiple-Input Multiple-Output OFDM with Index Modulation for Next Generation Wireless Networks , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[16]  B. Sundar Rajan,et al.  Designs and full-rank STBCs from DFT domain description of cyclic codes , 2004, International Symposium onInformation Theory, 2004. ISIT 2004. Proceedings..

[17]  Harald Haas,et al.  Index Modulation Techniques for Next-Generation Wireless Networks , 2017, IEEE Access.

[18]  L. Hanzo,et al.  Space-time codes and concatenated channel codes for wireless communications , 2002, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[19]  Naofal Al-Dhahir,et al.  A Novel SFBC-OFDM Scheme for Doubly Selective Channels , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[20]  Lajos Hanzo,et al.  Single-RF and Twin-RF Spatial Modulation for an Arbitrary Number of Transmit Antennas , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.