A Study of a Hybrid Filter

This paper presents results of a comparative study of two possible hybrid filter topologies, comprised of a passive and active stage, which can be implemented in any general dc supply distribution system. The main filter task is to mitigate current dynamics in the dc distribution system in order to prolong the operational life of delicate dc supplies, i.e., fuel cells, and to reduce the electromagnetic interferences between sensitive electronic circuits connected to the distribution net. The active stage is incorporated into the passive part in order to: 1) improve its insufficient attenuation in the low-frequency range and 2) source or sink any surplus energy flow between the dc source and load in case of low-frequency current dynamics. Two active stage topologies are proposed, analyzed, and evaluated in detail: 1) an active filter based on a single-leg inverter and 2) an active filter based on an electronic smoothing inductor. A special focus is on achieving attenuation at different voltage levels of the auxiliary supply and at different coupling inductances. The impact of the current ripple generated by the switching mode of the active filter operation is discussed as well. The active filter based on the single-leg inverter offers superior attenuation, particularly in the low-frequency range where attenuation is improved nearly for 15 dB compared to the passive filter.

[1]  M. Shigeta,et al.  A development of novel DC 48 V power supply system utilizing 18-pulse rectified active DCL and resonant converter , 2002, 24th Annual International Telecommunications Energy Conference.

[2]  Juan Dixon,et al.  Static Var Compensator and Active Power Filter with Power Injection Capability, Using 27-level Inverters and Photovoltaic Cells , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.

[3]  Damijan Miljavec,et al.  Extending the low-speed operation range of PM Generator in automotive applications using novel AC-DC converter control , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[4]  D. Koval,et al.  Improving the operation of 3-phase diode rectifiers using an asymmetrical half-bridge DC-link active filter , 2000, Conference Record of the 2000 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Fifth IAS Annual Meeting and World Conference on Industrial Applications of Electrical Energy (Cat. No.00CH37129).

[5]  Prasad N. Enjeti,et al.  Analysis of Common-Mode Voltage in Utility-Interactive Fuel Cell Power Conditioners , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[6]  Frede Blaabjerg,et al.  A dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) with selective harmonic compensation at medium voltage level , 2003, 38th IAS Annual Meeting on Conference Record of the Industry Applications Conference, 2003..

[7]  Vijay K. Garg,et al.  Prognostic and Warning System for Power-Electronic Modules in Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel-Cell Vehicles , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[8]  Mitja Nemec,et al.  Predictive Direct Control Applied to AC Drives and Active Power Filter , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[9]  Danijel Voncina,et al.  Synchronization of active power filter current reference to the network , 1999, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[10]  Hamid Gualous,et al.  DC/DC Converter Design for Supercapacitor and Battery Power Management in Hybrid Vehicle Applications—Polynomial Control Strategy , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[11]  Srdjan M. Lukic,et al.  Energy Storage Systems for Automotive Applications , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[12]  J.W. Kolar,et al.  Ultra compact three-phase rectifier with electronic smoothing inductor , 2005, Twentieth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2005. APEC 2005..

[13]  A. Khaligh,et al.  Power electronics intensive solutions for advanced electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicular power systems , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[14]  S.K. Mazumder,et al.  A Ripple-Mitigating and Energy-Efficient Fuel Cell Power-Conditioning System , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[15]  Jorge Moreno,et al.  Ultracapacitor-Based Auxiliary Energy System for an Electric Vehicle: Implementation and Evaluation , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[16]  G. D. Marques,et al.  An active power filter and unbalanced current compensator , 1997, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[17]  C. Chen,et al.  Static VAr compensator control for power systems with nonlinear loads , 2004 .

[18]  Xinbo Ruan,et al.  A Hybrid Fuel Cell Power System , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[19]  Johann W. Kolar,et al.  A constant output current three-phase diode bridge rectifier employing a novel "Electronic Smoothing Inductor" , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[20]  Daniel Hissel,et al.  A New Modeling Approach of Embedded Fuel-Cell Power Generators Based on Artificial Neural Network , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[21]  Johann W. Kolar,et al.  Novel aspects of an application of 'zero'-ripple techniques to basic converter topologies , 1997, PESC97. Record 28th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Formerly Power Conditioning Specialists Conference 1970-71. Power Processing and Electronic Specialists Conference 1972.

[22]  Leon M. Tolbert,et al.  Fuel cell power conditioning for electric power applications: a summary , 2007 .

[23]  Jung-Min Kwon,et al.  High-Efficiency Fuel Cell Power Conditioning System With Input Current Ripple Reduction , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[24]  Phatiphat Thounthong,et al.  Control Strategy of Fuel Cell and Supercapacitors Association for a Distributed Generation System , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[25]  P. T. Krein,et al.  A 'zero' ripple technique applicable to any DC converter , 1999, 30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321).

[26]  Kaushik Rajashekara,et al.  Power Electronics and Motor Drives in Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[27]  J.V. Milanovic,et al.  Planning Approaches for the Strategic Placement of Passive Harmonic Filters in Radial Distribution Networks , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[28]  Mehdi Ferdowsi,et al.  Double-Tiered Switched-Capacitor Battery Charge Equalization Technique , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[29]  Frede Blaabjerg,et al.  Shunt Active-Power-Filter Topology Based on Parallel Interleaved Inverters , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[30]  Peter Zajec,et al.  Power calibrator using switched mode voltage source , 2000, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas..