Index structures for flexible querying in fuzzy spatial databases

Database systems can be effective only if the data are properly handled at the physical level. Therefore, it is important to develop an effective spatial and aspatial indexing technique to facilitate flexible spatial and/or aspatial querying for spatial databases. In this study we adapt a number of spatial index structures, such as multilevel grid file (MLGF), G-tree, R-tree, and R*-tree, for fuzzy spatial databases and compare the performances of these structures for various flexible queries.