Adaptive Black-Box Equivalent Modeling of Multiple Marine Micro-Grids Interconnected Through Subsea Cables

The interconnection of different kinds of marine micro-grids (MMGs) with plug-and-play functionality is becoming popular, and a combined model is necessary to achieve the control functionalities and operation of the system constitute of several MMGs. However, due to the remoteness of these MMGs, it is difficult to collect necessary data to establish a whole model for MMGs. Besides, subsea cables used to connect MMGs add additional challenges to the modeling because their parameters will change with ageing. Therefore, an adaptive black-box equivalent modeling method for multiple MMGs interconnected through subsea cables without knowing detailed information is proposed in this paper. And the parameters of the equivalent model of the subsea cables and the MMGs are estimated by a statistical algorithm based on the measurement data at the point of common coupling. Furthermore, case studies demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

[1]  Luis Rouco,et al.  Value of electric interconnection links in remote island power systems: The Spanish Canary and Balearic archipelago cases , 2017 .

[2]  Marta Molinas,et al.  Self-Synchronization of Wind Farm in an MMC-Based HVDC System: A Stability Investigation , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[3]  Wenyuan Li,et al.  Optimal Reactive Power Flow of Interconnected Power System Based on Static Equivalent Method Using Border PMU Measurements , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[4]  Andreas Uihlein,et al.  Wave and tidal current energy – A review of the current state of research beyond technology , 2016 .

[5]  Kent Davey,et al.  Dynamic Load and Storage Integration , 2015, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[6]  Tor Arne Johansen,et al.  Toward Safer, Smarter, and Greener Ships: Using Hybrid Marine Power Plants , 2017, IEEE Electrification Magazine.

[7]  Henry Jeffrey,et al.  Optimising power transmission options for marine energy converter farms , 2016 .

[8]  M. Molinas,et al.  Apparent Impedance Analysis: A Small-Signal Method for Stability Analysis of Power Electronic-Based Systems , 2017, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics.

[9]  Feller William,et al.  An Introduction To Probability Theory And Its Applications , 1950 .

[10]  Christophe Claramunt,et al.  A modelling approach for a cost-based evaluation of the energy produced by a marine energy farm , 2015 .

[11]  Dev Paul,et al.  Designing Cold Ironing Power Systems: Electrical Safety During Ship Berthing , 2014, IEEE Industry Applications Magazine.

[12]  Scott D. Sudhoff,et al.  Reducing Impact of Pulsed Power Loads on Microgrid Power Systems , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[13]  Mohamad Reza Banaei,et al.  Simulation-Based Modeling and Power Management of All-Electric Ships Based on Renewable Energy Generation Using Model Predictive Control Strategy , 2016, IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine.

[14]  David Gonsoulin,et al.  Predictive Control for Energy Management in Ship Power Systems Under High-Power Ramp Rate Loads , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[15]  Nikhil Kumar,et al.  Optimal Control Algorithms for Reconfiguration of Shipboard Microgrid Distribution System Using Intelligent Techniques , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[16]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Next-Generation Shipboard DC Power System: Introduction Smart Grid and dc Microgrid Technologies into Maritime Electrical Netowrks , 2016, IEEE Electrification Magazine.

[17]  Dawei SUN,et al.  Integrated generation-transmission expansion planning for offshore oilfield power systems based on genetic Tabu hybrid algorithm , 2017 .

[18]  Eduardo Cotilla-Sanchez,et al.  Assessing the Impact of the Grid-Connected Pacific Marine Energy Center Wave Farm , 2015, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics.

[19]  Elisabetta Tedeschi,et al.  Modeling and Control of a Wave Energy Farm Including Energy Storage for Power Quality Enhancement: the Bimep Case Study , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[20]  Magne Runde,et al.  Cavity formation in mass-impregnated HVDC subsea cables-mechanisms and critical parameters , 2014, IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine.

[21]  Steven D. Pekarek,et al.  Derivation and Application of Equivalent Circuits to Model Common-Mode Current in Microgrids , 2017, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics.

[22]  Alireza Shahsavari,et al.  Distribution Grid Reliability Versus Regulation Market Efficiency: An Analysis Based on Micro-PMU Data , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[23]  Xu Yang,et al.  Integrated Planning for Transition to Low-Carbon Distribution System With Renewable Energy Generation and Demand Response , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[24]  D. J. Morrow,et al.  Online Tracking of Thévenin Equivalent Parameters Using PMU Measurements , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[25]  Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt,et al.  Reactive power management in an offshore AC network having multiple voltage source converters , 2016, 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC).

[26]  David J. Atkinson,et al.  Electrical characteristics of cold ironing energy supply for berthed ships , 2015 .

[27]  Barbara Zanuttigh,et al.  A methodology for multi-criteria design of multi-use offshore platforms for marine renewable energy harvesting , 2016 .

[28]  Eduardo N. Asada,et al.  Improving State Estimation With Real-Time External Equivalents , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[29]  Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt,et al.  Reactive power management in an offshore AC network having multiple voltage source converters , 2017 .

[30]  Rico Hjerm Hansen,et al.  Control Performance Assessment and Design of Optimal Control to Harvest Ocean Energy , 2015, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.