Biochemical and Hematological Status in Rice farmers with Chronic Pesticide Exposure, Suphan Buri, Thailand

Suphan Buri is located in central river plain of Thailand, which has enough water supplies for rice cultivation area in two or three growing cycles. Thus, farmers may expose to pesticides more frequent rather than other area and may become as chronic pesticide exposure. Aim of this study was to determine biochemical and hematological of rice farmers compared with controls who living nearby agricultural area. Subjects were divided to rice farmers (N = 50) and controls (N = 50). Individual data, pesticide-exposure status and relating symptoms were documented before blood collection. Serum samples were analyzed for serum cholinesterase (SChE) activity, liver function test (LFT) and kidney function test (KFT). Each EDTA-whole blood was determined for complete blood count (CBC). SChE activity was screened and confirmed by paper test and automatic analyzer, respectively. LFT, KFT and CBC were run by automatic analyzers. Results were represented in descriptive data and difference of LFT and hematological status between two groups were evaluated by independent t- test ( p <0.05). 60% of rice farmers were used pesticide over 10 years; and rate of pesticide exposure was mainly for 1-2 time/week. Means of SChE level of both groups were within reference value and significantly different ( p = 0.033). Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values of rice farmers were significantly lower ( p = 0.045, 0.04 and 0.03, respectively). SChE activity and biochemical parameters in rice farmers were within reference value; therefore disturbance of hematological status, such as anemia was appeared.

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