Managing Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a rare but debilitating chronic pain condition of the extremities, which often develops after an injury. Its multifactorial pathophysiology includes the immune and nervous systems and, potentially, autoimmune, genetic, and psychological factors. Psychiatric illnesses can be comorbid with CRPS, including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, insomnia, substance use disorder, personality disorders, and somatic symptom disorder. This article discusses these psychiatric symptoms and offers treatment guidance.

[1]  M. Gershwin,et al.  Complex regional pain syndrome – Autoimmune or functional neurologic syndrome , 2020, Journal of translational autoimmunity.

[2]  F. Stiefel,et al.  Psychiatric Comorbidity and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Through the Lens of the Biopsychosocial Model: A Comparative Study , 2020, Journal of pain research.

[3]  G. Natalini,et al.  Molecular Aspects of Regional Pain Syndrome , 2020, Pain research & management.

[4]  H. Park,et al.  Psychological Characteristics in Patients with Chronic Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Comparisons with Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Other Types of Chronic Pain , 2020, Journal of pain research.

[5]  P. Shekane,et al.  Complex regional pain syndrome: a narrative review for the practising clinician. , 2019, British journal of anaesthesia.

[6]  N. Forss,et al.  Symptom reduction and improved function in chronic CRPS type 1 after 12-week integrated, interdisciplinary therapy , 2019, Scandinavian journal of pain.

[7]  S. Tufik,et al.  Sleep Disturbance and Pain: A Tale of Two Common Problems , 2018, Chest.

[8]  A. Lux,et al.  Psychiatric Disorders in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS): The Role of the Consultation-Liaison Psychiatrist , 2018, Pain research & management.

[9]  C. Bass,et al.  Complex regional pain syndrome type 1 in the medico-legal setting: High rates of somatoform disorders, opiate use and diagnostic uncertainty , 2018, Medicine, science, and the law.

[10]  Cheol Lee,et al.  Epidemiology of complex regional pain syndrome in Korea: An electronic population health data study , 2018, PloS one.

[11]  A. Kaye,et al.  Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, Current Concepts and Treatment Options , 2018, Current Pain and Headache Reports.

[12]  C. Maihöfner,et al.  Increased prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in CRPS , 2017, European journal of pain.

[13]  M. Swan,et al.  Complex regional pain syndrome: practical diagnostic and treatment guidelines, 4th edition. , 2013, Pain medicine.

[14]  Frank Birklein,et al.  Validation of proposed diagnostic criteria (the “Budapest Criteria”) for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome , 2010, PAIN.

[15]  F. Huygen,et al.  Is there an association between psychological factors and the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) in adults? A systematic review , 2009, PAIN®.

[16]  M. Kaps,et al.  Autoantibodies in complex regional pain syndrome bind to a differentiation-dependent neuronal surface autoantigen , 2009, PAIN®.

[17]  J. Marinus,et al.  Familial Occurrence of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome , 2010, Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques.

[18]  J. Dieleman,et al.  Medical history and the onset of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) , 2008, PAIN.

[19]  J. Dieleman,et al.  The incidence of complex regional pain syndrome: A population-based study , 2007, Pain.

[20]  R. Harden,et al.  Proposed new diagnostic criteria for complex regional pain syndrome. , 2007, Pain medicine.

[21]  R. McClelland,et al.  Complex regional pain syndrome type I: incidence and prevalence in Olmsted county, a population-based study , 2003, PAIN®.

[22]  H. Harke,et al.  The Response of Neuropathic Pain and Pain in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome I to Carbamazepine and Sustained-Release Morphine in Patients Pretreated with Spinal Cord Stimulation: A Double-Blinded Randomized Study , 2001, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[23]  R. Schwartzman,et al.  Personality assessment of patients with complex regional pain syndrome type I. , 1998, The Clinical journal of pain.

[24]  D. Ciccone,et al.  Psychological dysfunction in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy , 1997, Pain.

[25]  A. Reiss,et al.  Syndrome , 1990, Biological Psychiatry.

[26]  M. Swan,et al.  Complex Regional Pain Syndrome : Practical Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines , 2016 .

[27]  J. Slaets,et al.  "INTERMED": a method to assess health service needs. II. Results on its validity and clinical use. , 1999, General hospital psychiatry.

[28]  J. Slaets,et al.  "INTERMED": a method to assess health service needs. I. Development and reliability. , 1999, General hospital psychiatry.