A Quantum-Like Model of Information Processing in the Brain

We present the quantum-like model of information processing by the brain’s neural networks. The model does not refer to genuine quantum processes in the brain. In this model, uncertainty generated by the action potential of a neuron is represented as quantum-like superposition of the basic mental states corresponding to a neural code. Neuron’s state space is described as complex Hilbert space (quantum information representation). The brain’s psychological functions perform self-measurements by extracting concrete answers to questions (solutions of problems) from quantum information states. This extraction is modeled in the framework of open quantum systems theory. In this way, it is possible to proceed without appealing to the state’s collapse. Dynamics of the state of psychological function F is described by the quantum master equation. Its stationary states represent classical statistical mixtures of possible outputs of F (decisions). This model can be used for justification of quantum-like modeling cognition and decision-making. The latter is supported by plenty of statistical data collected in cognitive psychology.

[1]  A. Tversky,et al.  Extensional versus intuitive reasoning: the conjunction fallacy in probability judgment , 1983 .

[2]  Richard M. Shiffrin,et al.  Context effects produced by question orders reveal quantum nature of human judgments , 2014, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[3]  John Guckenheimer,et al.  Chaos in the Hodgkin-Huxley Model , 2002, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst..

[4]  M. Allais.  Le comportement de l'homme rationnel devant le risque : critique des postulats et axiomes de l'ecole americaine , 1953 .

[5]  Harald Atmanspacher,et al.  Determinism Is Ontic, Determinability is Epistemic , 2001 .

[6]  A. Hodgkin,et al.  A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve , 1952, The Journal of physiology.

[7]  R. Kass,et al.  Multiple neural spike train data analysis: state-of-the-art and future challenges , 2004, Nature Neuroscience.

[8]  Abir U Igamberdiev,et al.  The quantum basis of spatiotemporality in perception and consciousness. , 2017, Progress in biophysics and molecular biology.

[9]  Jennifer S Trueblood,et al.  A quantum theoretical explanation for probability judgment errors. , 2011, Psychological review.

[10]  Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov,et al.  On Selective Influences, Marginal Selectivity, and Bell/CHSH Inequalities , 2012, Top. Cogn. Sci..

[11]  Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano.  Physics as Information Processing , 2010 .

[12]  Andrei Khrennikov,et al.  Two Versions of the Projection Postulate: From EPR Argument to One-Way Quantum Computing and Teleportation , 2010 .

[13]  J. Busemeyer,et al.  A quantum probability explanation for violations of ‘rational’ decision theory , 2009, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

[14]  Emmanuel Haven,et al.  An Application of the Theory of Open Quantum Systems to Model the Dynamics of Party Governance in the US Political System , 2014 .

[15]  J. Tenenbaum,et al.  Probabilistic models of cognition: exploring representations and inductive biases , 2010, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[16]  Giuseppe Vitiello,et al.  Entanglement and Phase-Mediated Correlations in Quantum Field Theory. Application to Brain-Mind States , 2019, Applied Sciences.

[17]  Andrei Khrennikov,et al.  Quantum-like model of processing of information in the brain based on classical electromagnetic field , 2010, Biosyst..

[18]  Giuseppe Vitiello,et al.  DISSIPATION AND MEMORY CAPACITY IN THE QUANTUM BRAIN MODEL , 1995, quant-ph/9502006.

[19]  Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano,et al.  Operational Axioms for Quantum Mechanics , 2006, quant-ph/0611094.

[20]  A. Tversky,et al.  Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases , 1974, Science.

[21]  Stuart R. Hameroff,et al.  QUANTUM COHERENCE IN MICROTUBULES: A NEURAL BASIS FOR EMERGENT CONSCIOUSNESS? 1 , 1994 .

[22]  John G. Kruth,et al.  Can Our Minds Emit Light at 7300 km Distance? A Pre-Registered Confirmatory Experiment of Mental Entanglement with a Photomultiplier , 2016 .

[23]  Masanao Ozawa.  Quantum perfect correlations , 2006 .

[24]  Masanori Ohya,et al.  A quantum-like model of selection behavior , 2017, 1705.08536.

[25]  Masanao Ozawa,et al.  Quantum Set Theory Extending the Standard Probabilistic Interpretation of Quantum Theory , 2015, New Generation Computing.

[26]  Emmanuel M. Pothos,et al.  State Entropy and Differentiation Phenomenon , 2018, Entropy.

[27]  Todd Timberlake,et al.  Nonlinearity and Chaos , 2016 .

[28]  Gustav Bernroider,et al.  Can Quantum Entanglement Between Ion Transition States Effect Action Potential Initiation? , 2012, Cognitive Computation.

[29]  Andrei Khrennikov,et al.  A model of differentiation in quantum bioinformatics. , 2017, Progress in biophysics and molecular biology.

[30]  Gustav Bernroider.  Neuroecology: On Causal Relations Between Brain Organization, Adaptive Behaviour, Consciousness and Cognition , 2017 .

[31]  Peter D. Kvam,et al.  Neural implementation of operations used in quantum cognition. , 2017, Progress in biophysics and molecular biology.

[32]  L. M. Ricciardi,et al.  Brain and physics of many-body problems , 1967, Kybernetik.

[33]  Emmanuel M. Pothos,et al.  Quantum probability in decision making from quantum information representation of neuronal states , 2018, Scientific Reports.

[34]  D. Ellsberg.  Decision, probability, and utility: Risk, ambiguity, and the Savage axioms , 1961 .