Real options with constant relative risk aversion

Real options problems have recently attracted much attention worldwide. One such problem is how to deal with claims on ‘non-traded’ assets. Often there is another traded asset which is correlated to the non-traded asset, and this traded asset is used as a proxy for hedging purposes. We introduce a second (non-traded) log Brownian asset into the well known Merton investment model with power-law utility. The investor has a claim on units of the non-traded asset and the question is how to price and hedge this random payoff. The presence of the second Brownian motion means that we are in the situation of incomplete markets. We propose an approximation to the solution for the ‘optimal’ reservation price and hedge which is accurate when the position is small in comparison to wealth. The resulting loss when a suboptimal proxy strategy is followed is shown to be approximately quadratic in 1−ρ.

[1]  J. Busby,et al.  Real Options In Practice: An Exploratory Survey Of How Finance Officers Deal With Flexibility In Capital Appraisal , 1997 .

[2]  Walter Schachermayer,et al.  The Limitations of No-Arbitrage Arguments for Real Options , 2001 .

[3]  W. Fleming,et al.  Hedging in incomplete markets with HARA utility , 1997 .

[4]  Eduardo S. Schwartz,et al.  Investment Under Uncertainty. , 1994 .

[5]  D. Duffie Dynamic Asset Pricing Theory , 1992 .

[6]  S. Pliska,et al.  Mathematics of Derivative Securities , 1998 .

[7]  Thaleia Zariphopoulou,et al.  A solution approach to valuation with unhedgeable risks , 2001, Finance Stochastics.

[8]  M. Jackson,et al.  Optimal hedging and equilibrium in a dynamic futures market , 1990 .

[9]  Mark H. A. Davis Option Valuation and Hedging with Basis Risk , 2000 .

[10]  H. Föllmer,et al.  Hedging of contingent claims under incomplete in-formation , 1991 .

[11]  W. Schachermayer Optimal investment in incomplete markets when wealth may become negative , 2001 .

[12]  D. Duffie,et al.  Mean-variance hedging in continuous time , 1991 .

[13]  Lars E.O. Svensson,et al.  Nontraded assets in incomplete markets: Pricing and portfolio choice☆ , 1993 .

[14]  A. R. Norman,et al.  Portfolio Selection with Transaction Costs , 1990, Math. Oper. Res..

[15]  Stephen M. Horan The Value and Incentive Effects of Nontraditional Executive Stock Option Plans , 2001 .

[16]  L. C. G. Rogers,et al.  The relaxed investor and parameter uncertainty , 2001, Finance Stochastics.

[17]  D. Cuoco Optimal Consumption and Equilibrium Prices with Portfolio Constraints and Stochastic Income , 1997 .

[18]  R. C. Merton,et al.  Lifetime Portfolio Selection under Uncertainty: The Continuous-Time Case , 1969 .