Helicopter Noise due to Blade‐Vortex Interaction

The generation of impulsive sound, commonly called blade slap, due to blade‐vortex interaction for helicopter rotors is discussed. The unsteady lift on the blades is calculated using linear unsteady aerodynamic theory for an oblique gust model of the blade‐vortex interaction. A theoretical model for the radiated sound due to the transient lift fluctuations is presented. Expressions for the directivity, frequency spectrum, transient signal, and total power of the acoustic signal are derived. Typical results are presented and discussed. Calculations of the transient signal are presented in comparison with recent experimental results. The agreement is very good.