AIR EMISSIONS FROM ANIMAL PRODUCTION BUILDINGS

Animal production operations are a source of numerous airborne contaminants including gases, odor, dust, and microorganisms. Gases and odors are generated from livestock and poultry manure decomposition (i) shortly after it is produced, (ii) during storage and treatment, and (iii) during land application. Particulate matter and dust are primarily composed of feed and animal matter including hair, feathers, and feces. Microorganisms that populate the gastrointestinal systems of animals are present in freshly excreted manure. Other types of microorganism s colonize the manure during the storage and treatment processes. The generation rates of odor, manure gases, microorganisms, particulates, and other constituents vary with weather, time, species, housing, manure handling system, feed type, and management system. Therefore, predicting the concentrations and emissions of these constituents is extremely difficult. Livestock and poultry buildings may contain concentrations of contaminants that negatively affect human and animal health. Most of these health concerns are associated with chronic or long-term exposure to gases, dust, or microorganisms. However, acute or short-term exposures to high concentrations of certain constituents can also have a negative effect on both human and animal health. For example, the agitation and pumping of liquid manure inside a livestock building can generate concentrations of hydrogen sulfide that are lethal to humans and animals.

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