Constructing structural descriptions

The author discusses the function of structural descriptions (SDs) during object identification, as revealed by immediate priming experiments. Several claims are made. First, SDs can changedynamically in complexity, from being detailed during initial identification to being somewhatabstract when processing is extended over time, as during scene perception. Second, during initial identification SDs encode relations between components, including somewhat detailed size relations. Third, identification is a process in which SDs are constructed over time. In new experiments that are reported, construction (identification) was facilitated by primes that provided a higher-order structural relation- orientation of axis or reference frame. These effects varied with the orientation of the critical features. The results were inconsistent with an alternative explanation of facilitation effects in terms of feature suppression.

[1]  D. Kahneman,et al.  The reviewing of object files: Object-specific integration of information , 1992, Cognitive Psychology.

[2]  J. Grainger,et al.  Three-dimensional features facilitate object recognition , 1995 .

[3]  I. Biederman.  Recognition-by-components: a theory of human image understanding. , 1987, Psychological review.

[4]  D. Navon.  Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception , 1977, Cognitive Psychology.

[5]  W Prinzmetal,et al.  The role of redundancy in the object-line effect , 1984, Perception & psychophysics.

[6]  G C Oden,et al.  A fuzzy logical model of letter identification. , 1979, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[7]  P. Quinlan,et al.  Differing approaches to two-dimensional shape recognition. , 1991, Psychological bulletin.

[8]  Irvin Rock,et al.  Orientation and form , 1974 .

[9]  M D Anes,et al.  Roles of object-file review and type priming in visual identification within and across eye fixations. , 1994, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[10]  S. Yantis,et al.  Abrupt visual onsets and selective attention: evidence from visual search. , 1984, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[11]  S. Palmer.  What makes triangles point: Local and global effects in configurations of ambiguous triangles , 1980, Cognitive Psychology.

[12]  H Pashler,et al.  Coordinate frame for symmetry detection and object recognition. , 1990, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[13]  R Kimchi,et al.  Separability and integrality of global and local levels of hierarchical patterns. , 1985, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[14]  S. Palmer.  Hierarchical structure in perceptual representation , 1977, Cognitive Psychology.

[15]  Thomas Sanocki.  Intra- and interpattern relations in letter recognition. , 1991 .

[16]  T. Sanocki,et al.  Effects of early common features on form perception , 1991, Perception & psychophysics.

[17]  R. Kimchi.  Primacy of wholistic processing and global/local paradigm: a critical review. , 1992, Psychological bulletin.

[18]  Ronald A. Rensink,et al.  Preattentive recovery of three-dimensional orientation from line drawings. , 1991, Psychological review.

[19]  Ronald A. Rensink.  Toolbox-based routines for Macintosh timing and display , 1990 .

[20]  Dominic W. Massaro,et al.  Visual Features, Preperceptual Storage, and Processing Time in Reading , 1975 .

[21]  J. R. Pomerantz,et al.  Emergent features, attention, and perceptual glue in visual form perception. , 1989, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[22]  T. Sanocki.  Perception : Font-Specific , Schematic Tuning , 2011 .

[23]  J T Townsend,et al.  Feature sensitivity, bias, and interdependencies as a function of energy and payoffs , 1988, Perception & psychophysics.

[24]  W. E. Collins,et al.  Integrating pictorial information across eye movements. , 1984, Journal of experimental psychology. General.

[25]  Thomas Sanocki.  Structural Contingencies and Shifts of Object-Based Attention During Object Recognition , 1997 .

[26]  G C Oden,et al.  Perceptual adjustments on representations of familiar patterns: Change over time and relational features , 1991, Perception & psychophysics.

[27]  I. Biederman,et al.  Dynamic binding in a neural network for shape recognition. , 1992, Psychological review.

[28]  T. Sanocki,et al.  Major Axes as a Moderately Abstract Model for Object Recognition , 1995 .

[29]  A Pollatsek,et al.  Role of spatial location in integration of pictorial information across saccades. , 1990, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[30]  S. Lupker.  On the nature of perceptual information during letter perception , 1979, Perception & psychophysics.

[31]  T. Sanocki.  Time course of object identification: evidence for a global-to-local contingency. , 1993, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[32]  D. E. Irwin,et al.  Perceiving an integrated visual world , 1993 .

[33]  A. Treisman,et al.  Emergent features, attention, and object perception. , 1984, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[34]  D. Broadbent.  The hidden preattentive processes. , 1977, The American psychologist.

[35]  S. Pinker,et al.  Visual cognition : An introduction * , 1989 .

[36]  C L Krumhansl,et al.  Abrupt changes in visual stimulation enhance processing of form and location information , 1982, Perception & psychophysics.

[37]  M. Kurbat.  Structural Description Theories: Is RBC/JIM a General-Purpose Theory of Human Entry-Level Object Recognition? , 1994, Perception.