An impact of noise on invariant manifolds in nonlinear dynamical systems

Invariant manifolds provide geometric structures for understanding dynamical behavior of nonlinear systems. However, these nonlinear systems are often subject to random fluctuations or noises. It is thus desirable to quantify the impact of noises on the invariant manifolds. When the noise intensity is small, this impact is estimated via asymptotic analysis in the context of Liapunov–Perron formulation. Namely, the random invariant manifold is represented as a perturbation of the deterministic invariant manifold, with a well-defined bound for the deviation.