Space Shift Keying for Molecular Communication: Theory and Experiment

In this paper, we present the space shift keying based molecular communication (SSK-MC), where the space symbol is of interest. For micro-scale SSK- MC, the information is embedded into the index of a single activated transmitter nanomachine, while the index of the sensor is considered for the macro- scale SSK-MC. The cancellation of the strongest inter-link interference in multiple-input multiple- output (MIMO) based MC is available with the implementation of SSK-MC, in which only one transmitter is activated during each symbol duration. We derive the symbol error rate (SER) of SSK-MC, which shows a perfect match with its numerical simulations. Apart from the theoretical analysis, we further design an underwater prototype under the 4x4 MIMO-MC configuration for SSK-MC, demonstrating its SER performance with different detection algorithms.

[1]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Modulation Techniques for Communication via Diffusion in Nanonetworks , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[2]  Lie-Liang Yang,et al.  Error Performance Analysis of Diffusive Molecular Communication Systems With On-Off Keying Modulation , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological and Multi-Scale Communications.

[3]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  MIMO communications based on molecular diffusion , 2012, 2012 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM).

[4]  Tuna Tugcu,et al.  Index Modulation for Molecular Communication via Diffusion Systems , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[5]  Tuna Tugcu,et al.  ISI Mitigation Techniques in Molecular Communication , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological and Multi-Scale Communications.

[6]  Mugen Peng,et al.  Performance Analysis of Reversible Binding Receptor Based Decode-and-Forward Relay in Molecular Communication Systems , 2018, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters.

[7]  Athanasios V. Vasilakos,et al.  Anti-ISI Demodulation Scheme and Its Experiment-Based Evaluation for Diffusion-Based Molecular Communication , 2018, IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience.

[8]  Hao Yan,et al.  Derivative-Based Signal Detection for High Data Rate Molecular Communication System , 2018, IEEE Communications Letters.

[9]  Chan-Byoung Chae,et al.  Novel Modulation Techniques using Isomers as Messenger Molecules for Nano Communication Networks via Diffusion , 2012, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[10]  Yu Huang,et al.  Spatial Modulation for Molecular Communication , 2018, IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience.

[11]  Shiwei Ma,et al.  A Clock Synchronization Method for Molecular Nanomachines in Bionanosensor Networks , 2016, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[12]  Wence Zhang,et al.  Channel Characteristics for Molecular Communication via Diffusion With a Spherical Boundary , 2019, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters.

[13]  Massimiliano Pierobon,et al.  Detection Techniques for Diffusion-based Molecular Communication , 2013, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[14]  Harald Haas,et al.  Index Modulation Techniques for Next-Generation Wireless Networks , 2017, IEEE Access.

[15]  Andrew W. Eckford,et al.  Molecular MIMO: From Theory to Prototype , 2016, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[16]  Andrew W. Eckford,et al.  A Comprehensive Survey of Recent Advancements in Molecular Communication , 2014, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[17]  Changmin Lee,et al.  A Two-Way Molecular Communication Assisted by an Impulsive Force , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[18]  Andrew W. Eckford,et al.  Tabletop Molecular Communication: Text Messages through Chemical Signals , 2013, PloS one.

[19]  Bin Li,et al.  Local Convexity Inspired Low-Complexity Noncoherent Signal Detector for Nanoscale Molecular Communications , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[20]  Miaowen Wen,et al.  A Survey on Spatial Modulation in Emerging Wireless Systems: Research Progresses and Applications , 2019, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[21]  Siyi Wang,et al.  Low-Complexity Noncoherent Signal Detection for Nanoscale Molecular Communications , 2016, IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience.

[22]  Qingchao Li,et al.  The Asymmetric-Distance Metrics for Decoding of Convolutional Codes in Diffusion-Based Molecular Communications , 2019, IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience.

[23]  Foroogh S. Tabataba,et al.  Performance Analysis of Molecular Spatial Modulation (MSM) in Diffusion based Molecular MIMO Communication Systems , 2018, ArXiv.

[24]  Özgür B. Akan,et al.  Receiver Design for Molecular Communication , 2013, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[25]  J. Patel,et al.  Handbook of the normal distribution , 1983 .