Citizen Participation in Planning

(partial) The political philosophy of democracy and participation: Theories of democracy and participation. Two key concepts - representation, the public interest. The environment of decision-making: Processes and frameworks. Participants in the planning process - an overview. The participants. The means of participation: Participation opportunities - the case of Britain, before and after 'Skeffington': The means of participation. The impediments to participation: The impediments caused by participation practices. A conclusion.