An electronically steerable parasitic array radiator antenna with adaptive beamforming ability

Smart Antennas can adaptively adjust their radiation pattern to form nulls towards the interference sources and form maximum radiation towards the desired users. This paper presents an assessment on the effectiveness of an adaptive beamforming algorithm for an electrically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) smart antenna system by comparing resultant radiation patterns after beamforming process, with and without a 10 dBm interference signal. An adaptive beamforming algorithm based on simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) was implemented in a vector signal transceiver (VST) with real-time signal processing field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based software defined radio (SDR) capability.