MIMO Antennas for a Terrestrial Point-to-Point Wireless Link: From the Optimum Antenna Spacing to a Compact Array

Multiple-input- antennas are investigated for terrestrial point-to-point wireless link. The lack of rich scatters in a terrestrial wireless channel results in an ill-conditioned channel matrix for a long range link with compact arrays, which can cause a high bit error rate. This paper demonstrates that the channel matrix can be improved by carefully selecting the antenna spacing. Unfortunately, an optimum antenna spacing that guarantees a good channel matrix is too large to implement for most long range terrestrial wireless links. On the other hand, a channel capacity study of an 8 � 8 link reveals that multiple antennas do provide more capacity even with small antenna spacing. Constellation multiplexing is then applied to the compact array conguration to solve the unreliable communication problem. In addition, a multilevel maximum ratio combining technique is introduced to improve detection efficiency.

[1]  Upamanyu Madhow,et al.  A 2.4 Gb/s millimeter-wave link using adaptive spatial multiplexing , 2010, 2010 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium.

[2]  Upamanyu Madhow,et al.  Four-channel spatial multiplexing over a millimeter-wave line-of-sight link , 2009, 2009 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.

[3]  D. Pozar.  Microwave Engineering , 1990 .

[4]  Michail Matthaiou,et al.  Eigenbeam transmission over line-of-sight MIMO channels for fixed microwave links , 2011, 2011 International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas.

[5]  Gerard J. Foschini,et al.  Layered space-time architecture for wireless communication in a fading environment when using multi-element antennas , 1996, Bell Labs Technical Journal.

[6]  Abdelmadjid Recioui,et al.  Capacity Optimization of MIMO Wireless Communication Systems Using a Hybrid Genetic-Taguchi Algorithm , 2013, Wirel. Pers. Commun..

[7]  Haonan Liu,et al.  Line-of-sight MIMO for microwave links - Adaptive dual polarized and spatially separated systems , 2009 .

[8]  Geir E. Øien,et al.  Optimal Design of Uniform Rectangular Antenna Arrays for Strong Line-of-Sight MIMO Channels , 2007, EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw..

[9]  Panagiotis Varzakas,et al.  Average channel capacity for Rayleigh fading spread spectrum MIMO systems , 2006, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[10]  Luca Reggiani,et al.  The Role of Adaptivity in MIMO Line-of-Sight Systems for High Capacity Backhauling , 2014, Wirel. Pers. Commun..

[11]  David Gesbert,et al.  From theory to practice: an overview of MIMO space-time coded wireless systems , 2003, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[12]  Y. Lomnitz,et al.  Efficient maximum likelihood detector for MIMO systems with small number of streams , 2007 .

[13]  Munkyo Seo,et al.  A 60GHz line-of-sight 2x2 MIMO link operating at 1.2Gbps , 2008, 2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium.

[14]  Constantine A. Balanis,et al.  Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design , 1982 .

[15]  M. J. Gans,et al.  On Limits of Wireless Communications in a Fading Environment when Using Multiple Antennas , 1998, Wirel. Pers. Commun..

[16]  Joakim Jalden,et al.  Maximum likelihood detection for the linear MIMO channel , 2004 .

[17]  David Gesbert.  Transmitting over Ill-conditioned MIMO channels: from spatial to constellation multiplexing , 2006 .