The Innervation of the Mesothoracic Flexor Tibiae Muscle of the Locust

The anatomy and innervation of the mesothoracic flexor tibiae muscle indicated a subdivision into proximal, middle and distal flexors. The muscle is innervated by 12 excitors, two inhibitors and two dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurones. The motor axons were identified by (a) the height of the action potentials recorded extracellularly from the flexor nerve branches of an intact locust, (b) the EPSPs or IPSPs and the tension which they produced in the muscle when they were stimulated and (c) the distribution on the muscle. There was some independent innervation of proximal, middle and distal flexors.

[1]  W. J. Heitler.  The Locust Jump: III. Structural Specializations of the Metathoracic Tibiae , 1977 .

[2]  R. Close.  Dynamic properties of mammalian skeletal muscles. , 1972, Physiological reviews.

[3]  G Hoyle,et al.  Distributions of nerve and muscle fibre types in locust jumping muscle. , 1978, The Journal of experimental biology.

[4]  G A Horridge,et al.  The organization of inputs to motoneurons of the locust metathoracic leg. , 1974, Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.

[5]  Christine E. Phillips,et al.  An Arthropod Muscle Innervated by Nine Excitatory Motor Neurones , 1980 .

[6]  M. Burns.  Structure and physiology of the locust femoral chordotonal organ. , 1974, Journal of insect physiology.

[7]  M. Burns.  THE CONTROL OF WALKING IN ORTHOPTERA I. LEG MOVEMENTS IN NORMAL WALKING , 1973 .

[8]  E. Henneman,et al.  RELATIONS BETWEEN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN THE DESIGN OF SKELETAL MUSCLES. , 1965, Journal of neurophysiology.

[9]  P. Usherwood,et al.  Fine structure of normal and degenerating motor axons and nerve-muscle synapses in the locust, Schistocerca gregaria. , 1972, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. A, Comparative physiology.

[10]  M. Burns,et al.  The Control of Walking in Orthoptera: II. Motor Neurone Activity in Normal Free-Walking Animals , 1979 .

[11]  M. Karnovsky,et al.  A formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative of high osmolality for use in electron-microscopy , 1965 .

[12]  P. Usherwood,et al.  PERIPHERAL INHIBITION IN SKELETAL MUSCLE OF INSECTS. , 1965, Journal of neurophysiology.

[13]  E. Frank.  Matching of facilitation at the neuromuscular junction of the lobster: a possible case for influence of muscle on nerve , 1973, The Journal of physiology.

[14]  A gold-plated suction electrode for extracellular recording and dye infusion. , 1982, The Journal of experimental biology.

[15]  M. Burns,et al.  Mechanical properties of locust extensor tibiae muscles , 1978 .

[16]  D. Alsop.  Comparative analysis of the intrinsic leg musculature of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.) , 1978, Journal of morphology.

[17]  L. Wilkens,et al.  A new electrode design for en passant recording, stimulation and intracellular dye infusion. , 1974, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. A, Comparative physiology.