This paper reports on results of round robin tests comparing two nondestructive, ultrasonic techniques: the wave transmission method using P-waves and the wave reflection method using S-waves. The experiments were conducted within the activities of the RILEM Technical Committee TC ATC-185 with the objective to evaluate the ability of these methods to continuously monitor the setting and hardening process of cementitious materials. In total, eight different mortar and concrete mixtures were subjected to the ultrasonic tests. Additionally, experiments were conducted to determine the penetration resistance (ASTM C 403), the in-situ temperature rise, the adiabatic heat release, and the chemical shrinkage (of the cement paste phase) of the investigated materials. The results revealed that, originating from the different wave types, the two ultrasonic methods monitor the setting process of mortar and concrete in significantly different ways. Despite these differences, the comparison of the ultrasonic test results with the development of the adiabatic heat and the chemical shrinkage has proven that P-wave velocity and reflection loss, as the parameters measured by the two methods, have a consistent and direct relationship to the cement hydration process.RésuméCet article présente les résultats d’une étude effectuée dans différents centres de recherche destinée à comparer deux méthodes non-destructives utilisant les ondes ultrasoniques: la première méthode, dite à transmission d’ondes utilise les les ondes «P» (pression) alors que la deuxième, dite à réflexion d’ondes, utilise les ondes «S» (S de l’anglais Shear, ou effort tranchant). Ces expérimentations font partie des activités du Comité RILEM TC ATC-185 qui a pour objectif d’évaluer la capacité de ces méthodes de surveiller en continu les processus de prise et de durcissement des matériaux cimentaires. Au total, 8 mortiers et bétons différents ont été soumis aux ultrasons. Des mesures de pénétration (ASTM C 403), d’accroissement de température, de chaleur adiabatique et rétrécissement chimique ont aussi été faites sur ces mêmes mélanges. Les résultats montrent que chacune des méthodes ultrasoniques rend compte de la prise du mortier et du béton de manière très différente. En dépit de ces différences, la comparaison entre les mesures aux ultrasons et les mesures de chaleur adiabatique et de rétrécissement chimique montre une corrélation directe entre les paramètres obtenus avec les ultrasons (vitesse des ondes «P» et perte de réflexion avec les ondes «S») et le processus d’hydratation du ciment.
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