Understanding Performance Appraisal: Social, Organizational, and Goal-Based Perspectives

Introduction Environmental Influences Organizational Influences Purposes of Performance Appraisals Obtaining Information about Performance Standards for Judging Performance Processes in Evaluative Judgment Rater Goals Rater Motivation Error and Accuracy Measures Criteria That Reflect the Uses of Ratings Does Performance Appraisal Help or Hurt the Organization? Performance Appraisal and the Changing Context of Work and Organizations Designing, Implementing and Evaluating a Goal-Oriented Appraisal System Directions for Research and Practice