Release of transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) and fibronectin by alveolar macrophages in airway diseases

Asthma and chronic bronchitis are associated with airway remodelling, and airway macrophages are present in bronchial inflammation. TGF‐β and fibronectin released by alveolar macrophages possess a fibrogenic potency. The potential role of alveolar macrophages in airway remodelling was studied in asthma and chronic bronchitis by the release of TGF‐β and fibronectin. Alveolar macrophages were isolated by bronchoalveolar lavage in 14 control subjects, 14 asthmatics and 14 chronic bronchitics. The spontaneous and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐ or concanavalin A (Con A)‐induced release of TGF‐β and fibronectin was measured by ELISA. Alveolar macrophages from chronic bronchitics spontaneously release greater amounts of TGF‐β and fibronectin than those from asthmatic and control subjects. Alveolar macrophages from asthmatics release greater amounts of TGF‐β and fibronectin than those from control subjects. The spontaneous release of TGF‐β is significantly correlated with that of fibronectin. Fibronectin release was significantly reduced after LPS stimulation, and TGF‐β release was significantly increased after LPS stimulation, except in chronic bronchitis patients. Con A increased the release of TGF‐β in cells from normal subjects. This study suggests that activated macrophages play a role in airway remodelling in chronic bronchitis and to a lesser extent in asthma.

[1]  J. Bousquet,et al.  Modulation by interleukin-4 of cytokine release from mononuclear phagocytes in asthma. , 1994, The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.

[2]  W. Border,et al.  Transforming Growth Factor β in Tissue Fibrosis , 1994 .

[3]  E. Kovacs,et al.  Fibrogenic cytokines and connective tissue production , 1994, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[4]  A. Brody.  Control of Lung Fibroblast Proliferation by Macrophage‐derived Platelet‐derived Growth Factor , 1994, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[5]  J. Bousquet,et al.  Eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation in asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. , 1993, The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.

[6]  D. Danielpour,et al.  Regulation of alveolar macrophage transforming growth factor-beta secretion by corticosteroids in bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation in the rat. , 1993, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[7]  D. Heinegård,et al.  Altered expression of small proteoglycans, collagen, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in developing bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. , 1993, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[8]  L. Fabbri,et al.  Activated T-lymphocytes and macrophages in bronchial mucosa of subjects with chronic bronchitis. , 1993, The American review of respiratory disease.

[9]  D. Danielpour.  Improved sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for transforming growth factor beta 1. , 1993, Journal of immunological methods.

[10]  D. Romberger,et al.  Modulation of fibronectin production of bovine bronchial epithelial cells by transforming growth factor-beta. , 1992, American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology.

[11]  J. Bousquet,et al.  Immunohistochemical characterization of the cellular infiltration in asthmatic bronchi. , 1992, The American review of respiratory disease.

[12]  J. Bousquet,et al.  Functional assessment of viability of epithelial cells. Comparison of viability and mediator release in healthy subjects and asthmatics. , 1992, Chest.

[13]  J. Bousquet,et al.  Asthma: a disease remodeling the airways , 1992, Allergy.

[14]  L. Fabbri,et al.  Effect of cessation of exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) on bronchial mucosa of subjects with TDI-induced asthma. , 1992, The American review of respiratory disease.

[15]  T. Colby,et al.  Transforming growth factor beta 1 is present at sites of extracellular matrix gene expression in human pulmonary fibrosis. , 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[16]  K. Flanders,et al.  Increased production and immunohistochemical localization of transforming growth factor-beta in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. , 1991, American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology.

[17]  V. Vallyathan,et al.  Bronchiolar inflammation and fibrosis associated with smoking. A morphologic cross-sectional population analysis. , 1991, The American review of respiratory disease.

[18]  P. Howarth,et al.  Myofibroblasts and subepithelial fibrosis in bronchial asthma. , 1990, American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology.

[19]  J. Bousquet,et al.  Eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. , 1990, The New England journal of medicine.

[20]  A. Lazenby,et al.  Remodeling of the lung in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in the rat. An immunohistochemical study of laminin, type IV collagen, and fibronectin. , 1990, The American review of respiratory disease.

[21]  W. Thurlbeck.  Pathology of chronic airflow obstruction. , 1990, Chest.

[22]  H. Reynolds,et al.  Macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils in lung defense and injury. , 1990, The American review of respiratory disease.

[23]  D. Romberger,et al.  Bronchial epithelial cells produce chemotactic activity for bronchial epithelial cells. Possible role for fibronectin in airway repair. , 1990, The American review of respiratory disease.

[24]  S. Holgate,et al.  SUBEPITHELIAL FIBROSIS IN THE BRONCHI OF ASTHMATICS , 1989, The Lancet.

[25]  S. Haskill,et al.  Adherence induces selective mRNA expression of monocyte mediators and proto-oncogenes. , 1988, Journal of immunology.

[26]  A. Brody,et al.  Stimulation of arachidonic acid metabolism by adherence of alveolar macrophages to a plastic substrate. Modulation by fetal bovine serum. , 1988, The American review of respiratory disease.

[27]  R. Crystal,et al.  Modulation of fibronectin gene expression in human mononuclear phagocytes. , 1987, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[28]  M. Sporn,et al.  Expression and secretion of type beta transforming growth factor by activated human macrophages. , 1987, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[29]  Daniel L. Feeback,et al.  Inflammation and Repair , 1987 .

[30]  R. Crystal,et al.  Production of fibronectin by the human alveolar macrophage: mechanism for the recruitment of fibroblasts to sites of tissue injury in interstitial lung diseases. , 1981, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[31]  J Dosman,et al.  The relations between structural changes in small airways and pulmonary-function tests. , 1978, The New England journal of medicine.