Enumerating and Disinfecting Bacteria Associated With Particles Released From GAC Filter-Adsorbers

Granular activated carbon (GAC) in filter-adsorbers provides an excellent support surface for the proliferation of microorganisms. Therefore, GAC beds may release particles of carbon with attached bacteria that are protected from disinfection. In this pilot-plant study, particles were collected from the product water of GAC filter-adsorbers, examined for bacterial colonization, and characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Results showed that bacteria attached to GAC particles could be disinfected with chlorine if particle concentrations were in the range found in the product waters, i.e., <20 μg/L. Increasing particle concentration tenfold interfered with disinfection efficiency. Powdered activated carbon used in pretreatment contributed to the particles found in product water

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