Indices of polarimetric purity to enhance the image quality in biophotonics applications

Recently, a set of polarimetric indicators, the Indices of Polarimetric Purity (IPPs), were described in the literature. These indicators allow synthesize depolarization content of samples, and provide further analysis of depolarizers than other existing polarimetric indicators. We demonstrate the potential of the IPPs as a criterion to characterize and classify depolarizing samples. In particular, the method is firstly analyzed through a series of basic polarization experiments, and we prove how differences in the depolarizing capability of samples, concealed from the commonly used depolarization index PΔ, are identified with the IPPs. In the second part of this work, the method is experimentally highlighted by studying a rabbit leg ex-vivo sample. The obtained images of the ex-vivo sample illustrate how IPPs provide a significant enhancement in the image contrast of some biological tissues and, in some cases, present new information hidden in the usual polarimetric channels. Moreover, new physical interpretation of the sample can be derived from the IPPs which allow us to synthesize the depolarization behavior. Finally, we also propose a pseudo-colored encoding of the IPPs information that provides an improved visualization of the samples. This last technique opens the possibility to highlight a specific tissue structure by properly adjusting the pseudo-colored formula.