Effects of Matrix Elements on the Analyte Emission Signals in Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry Using a Thermospray Sample Introduction System

Matrix effects due to Ca, K, Na, and P on analyte transport rate, line intensities, and plasma excitation conditions were studied using a fused silica capillary thermospray nebulizer. Several emission lines of Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, differing in their excitation and ionization energies, were investigated. In general, the addition of matrix elements to the analyte solution resulted in a reduction of the analyte emission signal. The greatest reductions were observed for matrices containing calcium and for the analyte emission lines with higher sum of excitation and ionization energies. A decrease in the analyte transport rate was the highest for single potassium matrix and for binary matrices containing calcium. The excitation temperature was not significantly changed in the presence of Na, K, and P, but it was depressed for single and composite matrices containing Ca. It was shown that variations in the analyte emission intensities in the presence of concomitants could be attributed to changes in the plasma as well as to changes in the analyte transport efficiency.

[1]  J. Broekaert.  State-of-the-art and trends of development in analytical atomic spectrometry with inductively coupled plasmas as radiation and ion sources , 2000 .

[2]  Peng-yuan Yang,et al.  Thermospray nebulizer as sample introduction technique for microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry , 1998 .

[3]  A. Canals,et al.  A microwave-powered thermospray nebulizer for liquid sample introduction in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. , 1997, Analytical chemistry.

[4]  J. Koropchak,et al.  New developments in thermospray sample introduction for atomic spectrometry , 1997 .

[5]  J. Koropchak,et al.  Direct Speciation of Selenite and Selenate with Thermospray Sample Introduction Methods , 1996 .

[6]  A. Canals,et al.  Behaviour of the thermospray nebulizer as a system for the introduction of organic solutions in flame atomic absorption spectrometry , 1996 .

[7]  J. Koropchak,et al.  Comparison of ultrasonic and thermospray systems for high performance sample introduction to inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry , 1995 .

[8]  H. Berndt,et al.  Sample introduction in ICP spectrometry by hydraulic high-pressure nebulization , 1994 .

[9]  M. Veber,et al.  Matrix Effects Studies with Fused-Silica Aperture Thermospray Sample Introduction to ICP-AES , 1992 .

[10]  M. Veber,et al.  Fused silica aperture thermospray sample introduction to inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry , 1992 .

[11]  J. Koropchak,et al.  Thermospray Enhanced Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy Detection for Liquid Chromatography , 1990 .

[12]  J. Koropchak,et al.  Fundamental Characteristics of Thermospray Aerosols and Sample Introduction for Atomic Spectrometry , 1987 .

[13]  M. Veber,et al.  Thermospray sample introduction to atomic spectrometry , 1987 .

[14]  L. Ding,et al.  A low-powered microwave thermospray nebulizer for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry , 2000 .

[15]  L. B. Allen,et al.  Impact of membrane desolvation on the effects of sodium on response in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with ultrasonic sample introduction , 1998 .

[16]  A. Canals,et al.  Acid effects in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with different nebulizers operated at very low sample consumption rates , 1998 .

[17]  B. Budic.  Matrix effects in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry using an ultrasonic nebulizer , 1998 .

[18]  M. Hoenig,et al.  Study of matrix interferences in trace element analysis of environmental samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with ultrasonic nebulization , 1998 .

[19]  F. Vanhaecke,et al.  Speciation of six arsenic compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with sample introduction by thermospray nebulization , 1997 .

[20]  L. Moens,et al.  Analytical characteristics of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer coupled with a thermospray nebulization system , 1995 .

[21]  N. Jakubowski,et al.  Thermospray device of improved design for application in ICP-MS , 1995 .

[22]  R. Botto,et al.  Use of an ultrasonic nebulizer with membrane desolvation for analysis of volatile solvents by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry , 1994 .

[23]  X. Jian,et al.  Matrix effects of easily ionized elements on the spatial distribution of electron number densities in an inductively coupled plasma using an optical fibre probe and a photodiode array spectrometer , 1992 .

[24]  J. Mermet,et al.  Drift diagnostics in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Plenary lecture , 1992 .

[25]  N. Jakubowski,et al.  Hydraulic high pressure nebulization-application of a new nebulization system for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry , 1992 .

[26]  F. Maessen,et al.  The performance of a low consumption thermospray nebulizer for specific use in micro-HPLC and general use in FT with ICP-AES detection , 1991 .

[27]  M. D. Loos-Vollebregt,et al.  Matrix interferences observed with a thermospray sample introduction system for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry , 1991 .

[28]  F. Laborda,et al.  Coupling of HPLC and ICP-AES for speciation , 1991 .

[29]  J. Mermet.  Ionic to atomic line intensity ratio and residence time in inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry , 1989 .

[30]  J. Koropchak,et al.  Effects of capillary diameter on thermospray sample introduction to inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry , 1988 .

[31]  R. Dams,et al.  Use of a thermospray nebuliser as a sample introduction system for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry , 1987 .

[32]  M. Ramsey,et al.  A predictive model of plasma matrix effects in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry , 1986 .

[33]  V. Fassel,et al.  Ultrasonic nebulization of liquid samples for analytical inductively coupled plasma-atomic spectroscopy: an update , 1986 .

[34]  M. Blades,et al.  Excitation temperature and electron density in the inductively coupled plasma—aqueous vs organic solvent introduction , 1985 .