A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of Potential Distribution Channels for the V Condom in South Africa

Background: Market tests in Durban, South Africa, assessed the feasibility of commercial and non-traditional public-sector distribution channels for the V Condom, a new female condom. Methods: Between August 2014 and July 2015, data were collected from 119 women and 78 men who were potential and actual V Condom users (male and female students, male factory workers, and female and male sex workers) to assess uptake and acceptability across multiple distribution channels (a tertiary health service centre, a factory, and two nongovernmental organizations). This prospective evaluation included initial awareness-raising and distribution of currently available and V condoms to those interested. Baseline data collection included a quantitative survey and two focus group discussions. After one-month follow-up, V Condom use data were collected through self-completed condom logs and SMS text messages, four focus group discussions and three inventories, and in-depth interviews with three site coordinators. Results: The quantitative results indicated high V Condom usage during the study period. Most sex acts were protected, with participants using more V Condoms than male condoms or other female condoms. Many participants reported preferring the V Condom over male and other female condoms. Ideal distribution channels included tertiary institutions, factories, government facilities, pharmacies, shops/supermarkets, schools, entertainment places, and tuck shops. Factors influencing preferred distribution channels were ease of access, convenience, operating hours, users’ previous experiences, and peer influences. Most participants were willing to pay for the V Condom due to the perception that paying ensured a quality product and that free products are not as trustworthy. Conclusions: There is a non-public-sector market for V Condoms in Durban, and some women and men are willing to pay for the V Condom at a price approaching the estimated market price. This novel mixed-methods approach to understanding consumer interest in a new female condom provided data relevant for both programmatic planning and future market introduction.