IoT-based Smart Parking System Development

Traditional parking systems are very dependent on manual labors and possess multiple problems. A long time to find available parking slot, a big amount of cost to pay parking staffs, and unavailability of parking data are some of the most common problems in this parking system. In this paper, we propose an Internet of Things (IoT) based smart parking system that has three main components, which are an application for parking management, application for parking users, and IoT platform. The IoT platform consist of two different granularities, which are in each parking slot and in each parking lot. IoT hardware in parking slot will send information regarding the slot status, and IoT hardware in parking lot will send information regarding any car that goes in or out. To reduce the number of sensors, crowdsensing from parking users and parking staffs is used. This proposed design is implemented in the case study of X University. We conduct an evaluation for the implemented system and receive multiple feedbacks from parking system staffs and parking users. Using the System Usability scale, we receive a score of 91 from parking system staffs and 80.14 from parking users. This evaluation result show that the proposed IoT-based parking system is helpful and easy to use for parking staffs and users.