Towards Reliable and Real-Time Routing with Active Slot Augmentation in Low-Duty-Cycle WSNs

In this paper, we propose a routing protocol framework (RRAD) to solve the problem of real-time and reliable routing in a low-duty-cycle WSNs with unreliable communication links. The proposed RRAD protocol is able to achieve the probabilistic QoS guarantee in the timeliness and reliability domains by giving the concept of Real-Time Relay Probability, which reflects the probability of successful delivering data through a link within a given deadline. Moreover, the potential forwarder discovering mechanism is designed to compensate for local decision inaccuracies when packets routing toward the destination, and by this mechanism at least 10% deadline miss ratio is reduced. Through comprehensive experiments, we demonstrate the energy efficiency and routing latency of the RRAD protocol.

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