On-line signature verification,

Abstract We describe a method for on-line handwritten signature verification. The signatures are acquired using a digitizing tablet which captures both dynamic and spatial information of the writing. After preprocessing the signature, several features are extracted. The authenticity of a writer is determined by comparing an input signature to a stored reference set (template) consisting of three signatures. The similarity between an input signature and the reference set is computed using string matching and the similarity value is compared to a threshold. Several approaches for obtaining the optimal threshold value from the reference set are investigated. The best result yields a false reject rate of 2.8% and a false accept rate of 1.6%. Experiments on a database containing a total of 1232 signatures of 102 individuals show that writer-dependent thresholds yield better results than using a common threshold.

[1]  L. Yang,et al.  Application of hidden Markov models for signature verification , 1995, Pattern Recognit..

[2]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Template-based online character recognition , 2001, Pattern Recognit..

[3]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Online handwriting recognition using multiple pattern class models , 2000 .

[4]  Tetsu Ohishi,et al.  Online signature verification using pen-position, pen-pressure and pen-inclination trajectories , 2000, Proceedings 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition. ICPR-2000.

[5]  Emile H. L. Aarts,et al.  On-line signature verification with hidden Markov models , 1998, Proceedings. Fourteenth International Conference on Pattern Recognition (Cat. No.98EX170).

[6]  Gerhard Rigoll,et al.  A systematic comparison between on-line and off-line methods for signature verification with hidden Markov models , 1998, Proceedings. Fourteenth International Conference on Pattern Recognition (Cat. No.98EX170).

[7]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Learning prototypes for online handwritten digits , 1998, Proceedings. Fourteenth International Conference on Pattern Recognition (Cat. No.98EX170).

[8]  Brigitte Wirtz.  Stroke-based time warping for signature verification , 1995, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition.

[9]  Toby Berger,et al.  Reliable On-Line Human Signature Verification Systems , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[10]  V. S. Nalwa.  Automatic on-line signature verification , 1997 .

[11]  Suh-Yin Lee,et al.  On-line signature verification using LPC cepstrum and neural networks , 1997, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B.

[12]  Ronny Martens,et al.  Dynamic programming optimisation for on-line signature verification , 1997, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition.