The Denial of Personal Discrimination

Working women in one survey knew well that women workers do not generally receive the rewards they deserve. But in most cases, the women appeared to imagine—quite erroneously—that they personally avoided sex discrimination. After documenting the basic phenomenon, the article discusses cognitive and emotional barriers to the acknowledgment of personal discrimination. Ways to surmount the barriers are discussed.

[1]  F. Crosby,et al.  Discontent Among Male Lawyers, Female Lawyers, and Female Legal Secretaries , 1983 .

[2]  Serge Guimond,et al.  Relative deprivation theory and the Quebec nationalist movement: The cognition–emotion distinction and the personal–group deprivation issue. , 1983 .

[3]  John G. Condran,et al.  Changing Places: Men and Women in Transitional Occupations. , 1981 .

[4]  D. O. Sears,et al.  Prejudice and Politics: Symbolic Racism Versus Racial Threats to the Good Life , 1981 .

[5]  K. Deaux.  Self-evaluations of male and female managers , 1979 .

[6]  D. Kinder,et al.  Economic Discontent and Political Behavior: The Role of Personal Grievances and Collective Economic Judgments in Congressional Voting , 1979 .

[7]  D. Kinder,et al.  Economic Grievances and Political Behavior: The Role of Personal Discontents and Collective Judgments in Congressional Voting , 1979 .

[8]  S. Mclaughlin.  Occupational Sex Identification and the Assessment of Male and Female Earnings Inequality. , 1978 .

[9]  Teresa A. Peck.  When women evaluate women, nothing succeeds like success: The differential effects of status upon evaluations of male and female professional ability , 1978 .

[10]  C. Wortman,et al.  Attributions of blame and coping in the "real world": severe accident victims react to their lot. , 1977, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[11]  R. Abeles.  Relative Deprivation, Rising Expectations, and Black Militancy , 1976 .

[12]  Barbara B. Reagan,et al.  Introduction: Occupational Segregation in International Women's Year , 1976, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society.

[13]  F. Crosby,et al.  A model of egoistical relative deprivation. , 1976 .

[14]  B. Rosen,et al.  Dual-career marital adjustment: Potential effects of discriminatory managerial attitudes. , 1975 .

[15]  V. E. Schein.  Relationships between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics among female managers. , 1975, The Journal of applied psychology.

[16]  G. W. Walster,et al.  New directions in equity research. , 1973 .

[17]  Herman P. Miller,et al.  Income Differences Between Men and Career Women , 1973, American Journal of Sociology.

[18]  Linda D. Hallman,et al.  The Status of Women , 1949, Social Service Review.

[19]  P. Mason,et al.  Patterns of Dominance , 1970 .

[20]  E. Gross.  Plus CA Change…? The Sexual Structure of Occupations Over Time , 1968 .

[21]  Philip Goldberg,et al.  Are women prejudiced against women? , 1968 .

[22]  P. Berger,et al.  The Social Construction of Reality , 1966 .

[23]  James A. Geschwender,et al.  Relative deprivation and social justice : a study of attitudes to social inequality in twentieth-century England , 1966 .

[24]  P. Rossi,et al.  Occupational Prestige in the United States, 1925-63 , 1964, American Journal of Sociology.

[25]  R. Lane,et al.  Political Ideology: Why the American Common Man Believes What He Does , 1963 .

[26]  G. Āllport.  The Nature of Prejudice , 1954 .

[27]  Faye J. Crosby,et al.  Relative deprivation and working women , 1982 .

[28]  M. Lerner,et al.  The Belief in a Just World , 1980 .