Medical Microbiology in India: the recent developments in the basic research, diagnostics and vaccines

Medical Microbiology in India: The Recent Developments in the Basic Research, Diagnostics and Vaccines JUGSHARAN SINGH VIRDI*, NEELJA SINGHAL, ANAY KUMAR MAURYA, THANDAVARAYAN RAMAMURTHY, PRIYA SINGH and NIRJARA SINGHVI Microbial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110 021, India Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121 001, Haryana, India Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India

[1]  P. Maiti,et al.  A novel tool for capture and detection of typhoid fever using Ag-labeled nanocomposites , 2014, JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry.

[2]  G. Nath,et al.  Drug Resistance Pattern in the Recent Isolates of Salmonella Typhi with Special Reference to Cephalosporins and Azithromycin in the Gangetic Plain. , 2017, Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR.

[3]  U. Sengupta,et al.  Comparative evaluation of PCR amplification of RLEP, 16S rRNA, rpoT and Sod A gene targets for detection of M. leprae DNA from clinical and environmental samples. , 2015, International journal of mycobacteriology.

[4]  Awasthi Shanjana,et al.  Cytotoxic isolates of Helicobacter pylori from Peptic Ulcer Diseases decrease K+-dependent ATPase Activity in HeLa cells , 2003, BMC gastroenterology.

[5]  A. Tyagi,et al.  Identification of Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Thiamin Phosphate Synthase, an Important Target for the Development of Anti-TB Drugs , 2011, PloS one.

[6]  S. Vrati,et al.  DNA vaccines: Getting closer to becoming a reality , 2013, The Indian journal of medical research.

[7]  Gururaja Rao,et al.  Evaluation of Fluorescent Staining for Diagnosis of Leprosy and its Impact on Grading of the Disease: Comparison with Conventional Staining. , 2016, Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR.

[8]  P. Rathod,et al.  Malaria in India: The Need for New Targets for Diagnosis and Detection of Plasmodium vivax , 2018, Proteomics. Clinical applications.

[9]  O. Singh,et al.  Elimination of visceral leishmaniasis on the Indian subcontinent. , 2016, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[10]  R. Garten,et al.  Genetic diversity of HA1 domain of hemagglutinin gene of pandemic influenza H1N1pdm09 viruses in New Delhi, India , 2012, Journal of medical virology.

[11]  A. Tyagi,et al.  Latency Antigen α-Crystallin Based Vaccination Imparts a Robust Protection against TB by Modulating the Dynamics of Pulmonary Cytokines , 2011, PloS one.

[12]  Mohsin Khan,et al.  Subunit vaccine formulations based on recombinant envelope proteins of Chikungunya virus elicit balanced Th1/Th2 response and virus-neutralizing antibodies in mice. , 2012, Virus research.

[13]  Madhu Gupta,et al.  Association of rotavirus strains and severity of gastroenteritis in Indian children , 2016, Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics.

[14]  Ashutosh Kumar,et al.  Modern and Ancestral Genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Andhra Pradesh, India , 2011, PloS one.

[15]  S. Ghosh,et al.  Molecular Epidemiology of Amoebiasis: A Cross-Sectional Study among North East Indian Population , 2015, PLoS neglected tropical diseases.

[16]  Tamanna Anwar,et al.  Bioinformatics Analysis and Functional Prediction of Transmembrane Proteins in Entamoeba histolytica , 2018, Genes.

[17]  N. Ahmed,et al.  Annals of Clinical Microbiology and , 2005 .

[18]  J. S. Virdi,et al.  Distribution of virulence-associated genes in Yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1A correlates with clonal groups and not the source of isolation. , 2007, FEMS microbiology letters.

[19]  Jaya Sivaswami Tyagi,et al.  Comprehensive insights into Mycobacterium tuberculosis DevR (DosR) regulon activation switch , 2011, Nucleic acids research.

[20]  J. S. Virdi,et al.  Genetic relationships between clinical and non-clinical strains of Yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1A as revealed by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and multilocus restriction typing , 2010, BMC Microbiology.

[21]  M. Parida,et al.  Production, characterization, and application of monoclonal antibodies specific to recombinant (E2) structural protein in antigen-capture ELISA for clinical diagnosis of Chikungunya virus. , 2012, Viral immunology.

[22]  S. Hasnain,et al.  Proteomics of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates: A peep show on mechanism of drug resistance & perhaps more , 2015, The Indian journal of medical research.

[23]  S. Prabagaran,et al.  Molecular diagnosis of Salmonella typhi and its virulence in suspected typhoid blood samples through nested multiplex PCR. , 2017, Journal of microbiological methods.

[24]  A. Maji,et al.  Asymptomatic leishmaniasis in kala-azar endemic areas of Malda district, West Bengal, India , 2017, PLoS neglected tropical diseases.

[25]  G. Kaur,et al.  Amoebic Colonic Perforation Presenting as Peritonitis in Emergency, Incidence and Outcome: Our Experience. , 2018, Maedica.

[26]  P. Kaliraj,et al.  Chimeric Epitope Vaccine from Multistage Antigens for Lymphatic Filariasis , 2015, Scandinavian journal of immunology.

[27]  F. Chappuis,et al.  Rapid tests for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in patients with suspected disease , 2014, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[28]  D. Chauhan,et al.  Molecular typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from a rural area of Kanpur by spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRUs) typing. , 2008, Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases.

[29]  Infection and Microbiome: Impact of Tuberculosis on Human Gut Microbiome of Indian Cohort , 2018, Indian Journal of Microbiology.

[30]  P. Seth,et al.  Genetic diversity of HIV type 1 subtype C env gene sequences from India. , 2007, AIDS research and human retroviruses.

[31]  Anuj Gupta,et al.  Microarray analysis of efflux pump genes in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis during stress induced by common anti-tuberculous drugs. , 2010, Microbial drug resistance.

[32]  F. Mégraud,et al.  Microevolution of Helicobacter pylori Type IV Secretion Systems in an Ulcer Disease Patient over a Ten-Year Period , 2007, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

[33]  M. Parida,et al.  Molecular epidemiology of novel swine origin influenza virus (S-OIV) from Gwalior, India, 2009 , 2011, Virology Journal.

[34]  M. Sakthidevi,et al.  Functional analysis of genetic polymorphism in Wuchereria bancrofti glutathione S-transferase antioxidant gene: impact on protein structure and enzyme catalysis. , 2013, Molecular and biochemical parasitology.

[35]  N. Dhar,et al.  Enhanced and Enduring Protection against Tuberculosis by Recombinant BCG-Ag85C and Its Association with Modulation of Cytokine Profile in Lung , 2008, PloS one.

[36]  J. Tyagi,et al.  The pleiotropic transcriptional response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to vitamin C is robust and overlaps with the bacterial response to multiple intracellular stresses. , 2015, Microbiology.

[37]  A. Tyagi,et al.  Molecular modeling studies of Fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (FadD13) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis—a potential target for the development of antitubercular drugs , 2011, Journal of molecular modeling.

[38]  A. Kumar,et al.  Emerging & re-emerging infections in India: An overview , 2013, The Indian journal of medical research.

[39]  G. Kang,et al.  Approach to molecular characterization of partially and completely untyped samples in an Indian rotavirus surveillance program. , 2014, Vaccine.

[40]  Jyoti Arora,et al.  Utility of MPT64 Antigen Detection for Rapid Confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex , 2015, Journal of global infectious diseases.

[41]  R. Hartskeerl,et al.  Leptospira interrogans serovar Valbuzzi: a cause of severe pulmonary haemorrhages in the Andaman Islands. , 2003, Journal of medical microbiology.

[42]  F. Mégraud,et al.  Pathogen Evolution In Vivo: Genome Dynamics of Two Isolates Obtained 9 Years Apart from a Duodenal Ulcer Patient Infected with a Single Helicobacter pylori Strain , 2005, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

[43]  S. Hasnain,et al.  The PE/PPE multigene family codes for virulence factors and is a possible source of mycobacterial antigenic variation: perhaps more? , 2012, Biochimie.

[44]  G. Chowdhury,et al.  Rugose atypical Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor responsible for 2009 cholera outbreak in India. , 2016, Journal of medical microbiology.

[45]  Priyanka Singh,et al.  Making of a highly useful multipurpose vaccine , 2016 .

[46]  Y. Takeda,et al.  Cholera outbreaks in the El Tor biotype era and the impact of the new El Tor variants. , 2014, Current topics in microbiology and immunology.

[47]  U. Gautam,et al.  Essentiality of DevR/DosR Interaction with SigA for the Dormancy Survival Program in Mycobacterium tuberculosis , 2013, Journal of bacteriology.

[48]  Vineet K. Sharma,et al.  Gut microbiome contributes to impairment of immunity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients by alteration of butyrate and propionate producers , 2018, Environmental microbiology.

[49]  R. Garg,et al.  DNA vaccination for rabies: Evaluation of preclinical safety and toxicology , 2014 .

[50]  N. Ahmed,et al.  Ancestral Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes in India: implications for TB control programmes. , 2009, Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases.

[51]  N. Subbarao,et al.  Stress-induced nuclear depletion of Entamoeba histolytica 3′-5′ exoribonuclease EhRrp6 and its role in growth and erythrophagocytosis , 2018, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[52]  S. Swaminathan,et al.  A Long-term Co-perfused Disseminated Tuberculosis-3D Liver Hollow Fiber Model for Both Drug Efficacy and Hepatotoxicity in Babies , 2016, EBioMedicine.

[53]  S. Nijhawan,et al.  Comparative study of tinidazole versus metronidazole in treatment of amebic liver abscess: A randomized control trial , 2018, Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.

[54]  U. Sengupta,et al.  Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae strains from a region of high endemic leprosy prevalence in India. , 2015, Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases.

[55]  S. Mittal,et al.  Molecular characterization of beta-lactamase genes blaA and blaB of Yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1A. , 2006, FEMS microbiology letters.

[56]  G. Nair,et al.  Construction of a recombinant live oral vaccine from a non-toxigenic strain of Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype inaba biotype E1 Tor and assessment of its reactogenicity and immunogenicity in the rabbit model. , 1999, Immunology letters.

[57]  B. Ivins,et al.  Study of Immunization against Anthrax with the Purified Recombinant Protective Antigen of Bacillus anthracis , 1998, Infection and Immunity.

[58]  S. Kabra,et al.  Human metapneumovirus infections among children with acute respiratory infections seen in a large referral hospital in India. , 2007, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

[59]  Soumitesh Chakravorty,et al.  Simplified detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum using smear microscopy and PCR with molecular beacons. , 2007, Journal of medical microbiology.

[60]  T. Maiti,et al.  A Novel Ligand of Toll-like Receptor 4 From the Sheath of Wuchereria bancrofti Microfilaria Induces Proinflammatory Response in Macrophages , 2017, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[61]  N. Singhal,et al.  Proteomic analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1A under iron-rich and iron-poor conditions indicate existence of efficiently regulated mechanisms of iron homeostasis. , 2015, Journal of proteomics.

[62]  Y. Singh,et al.  Recent Developments in Anti-dotes Against Anthrax. , 2014, Recent patents on anti-infective drug discovery.

[63]  S. Suneetha,et al.  Current Situation of Leprosy in India and its Future Implications , 2018, Indian dermatology online journal.

[64]  V. Chaudhary,et al.  Whole-Blood Agglutination Assay for On-Site Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection , 2003, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

[65]  A. K. Nagpal,et al.  Frequency of Helicobacter pylori and CagA Antibody in Patients with Gastric Neoplasms and Controls: The Indian Enigma , 2005, Digestive Diseases and Sciences.

[66]  F. Mégraud,et al.  Genomes of Two Chronological Isolates (Helicobacter pylori 2017 and 2018) of the West African Helicobacter pylori Strain 908 Obtained from a Single Patient , 2011, Journal of bacteriology.

[67]  D. Chauhan,et al.  Molecular typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from different parts of India based on IS6110 element polymorphism using RFLP analysis. , 2007, The Indian journal of medical research.

[68]  P. Rangarajan,et al.  Pre-clinical toxicity & immunobiological evaluation of DNA rabies vaccine & combination rabies vaccine in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) , 2013, The Indian journal of medical research.

[69]  Anuj Gupta,et al.  Predominance of three copies of tandem repeats in rpoT gene of Mycobacterium leprae from Northern India. , 2007, Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases.

[70]  R. Tiwari,et al.  Japanese encephalitis: a review of the Indian perspective. , 2012, The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases.

[71]  P. Seth Evolution of HIV-1 in India , 2010, Indian Journal of Virology.

[72]  P. Vijayachari,et al.  Recent advances in the laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis and characterisation of leptospires. , 2006, Indian journal of medical microbiology.

[73]  N. Islam,et al.  Evaluation of salivary anti-Salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide IgA ELISA for serodiagnosis of typhoid fever in children , 2012, Archives of Disease in Childhood.

[74]  G. Sridharan,et al.  Diversity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Strains Collected from India Using Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR)-PCR Analysis , 2013, Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy.

[75]  R. Mishra,et al.  Salmonella typhi and gallbladder cancer: report from an endemic region. , 2010, Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international : HBPD INT.

[76]  S. Swaminathan,et al.  Safety and Tolerability Profile of Second-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Medications , 2015, Drug Safety.

[77]  S. Meshnick,et al.  Antimalarial drug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in India: changes over time and space. , 2011, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[78]  N. Dhar,et al.  Boosting with a DNA vaccine expressing ESAT-6 (DNAE6) obliterates the protection imparted by recombinant BCG (rBCGE6) against aerosol Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in guinea pigs. , 2009, Vaccine.

[79]  V. Pandey,et al.  Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against WbSXP-1 for the detection of circulating filarial antigens. , 2011, Journal of Helminthology.

[80]  P. Pandiaraja,et al.  Evaluation of synthetic peptides of WbSXP-1 for the diagnosis of human lymphatic filariasis. , 2010, Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease.

[81]  N. Ahmed,et al.  Genomes of Helicobacter pylori from native Peruvians suggest admixture of ancestral and modern lineages and reveal a western type cag-pathogenicity island , 2006, BMC Genomics.

[82]  S. Parveen,et al.  Genetic diversity of noroviruses and sapoviruses in children with acute sporadic gastroenteritis in New Delhi, India. , 2008, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

[83]  J. R. MacDonald The Government of India , 2017 .

[84]  G. Menezes,et al.  Detection of Salmonella in Blood by PCR using iroB gene. , 2014, Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR.

[85]  A. Goel Anthrax: A disease of biowarfare and public health importance. , 2015, World journal of clinical cases.

[86]  R. Pandey,et al.  Development of a candidate DNA/MVA HIV-1 subtype C vaccine for India. , 2006, Vaccine.

[87]  Y. Takeda,et al.  Vibrio cholerae Non-O1, Non-O139 Serogroups and Cholera-like Diarrhea, Kolkata, India , 2013, Emerging infectious diseases.

[88]  J. Tyagi,et al.  DevS/DosS sensor is bifunctional and its phosphatase activity precludes aerobic DevR/DosR regulon expression in Mycobacterium tuberculosis , 2016, The FEBS journal.

[89]  R. Kumar,et al.  Vaccination with Salmonella Typhi recombinant outer membrane protein 28 induces humoral but non-protective immune response in rabbit , 2017, Veterinary world.

[90]  Y. Takeda,et al.  Global Dissemination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Serotype O3:K6 and Its Serovariants , 2007, Clinical Microbiology Reviews.

[91]  S. Swaminathan Preventive treatment for tuberculosis in people with HIV , 2014, The Lancet.

[92]  P. Rangarajan,et al.  Preexposure efficacy of a novel combination DNA and inactivated rabies virus vaccine. , 2001, Human gene therapy.

[93]  P. Sachdeva,et al.  Repetitive elements sequence (REP/ERIC)-PCR based genotyping of clinical and environmental strains of Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1A reveal existence of limited number of clonal groups. , 2004, FEMS microbiology letters.

[94]  Seyed E. Hasnain,et al.  Comparative genomic and proteomic analyses of PE/PPE multigene family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and H37Ra reveal novel and interesting differences with implications in virulence , 2012, Nucleic acids research.

[95]  S. Parija,et al.  Seroprevalence of Entamoeba histolytica from a tertiary care hospital, South India , 2016, Tropical parasitology.

[96]  G. Dougan,et al.  High-Resolution Genotyping of the Endemic Salmonella Typhi Population during a Vi (Typhoid) Vaccination Trial in Kolkata , 2012, PLoS neglected tropical diseases.

[97]  G. Nair,et al.  Cholera in India: an analysis of reports, 1997-2006. , 2010, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

[98]  B. Senthilkumar,et al.  Induction of deletion mutation on ompR gene of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates from asymptomatic typhoid carriers to evolve attenuated strains for vaccine development. , 2014, Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine.

[99]  S. Chakrabarti,et al.  Genetic Characterization of HIV-1 Strains Among the Injecting Drug Users in Nagaland, India , 2011, The open virology journal.

[100]  T. Ramamurthy,et al.  Cholera outbreaks in India. , 2014, Current topics in microbiology and immunology.

[101]  P. Vijayachari,et al.  Serodiagnosis of severe leptospirosis: evaluation of ELISA based on the recombinant OmpL1 or LipL41 antigens of Leptospira interrogans serovar autumnalis , 2008, Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology.

[102]  N. Singhal,et al.  Structural Variabilities in β-Lactamase (blaA) of Different Biovars of Yersinia enterocolitica: Implications for β-Lactam Antibiotic and β-Lactamase Inhibitor Susceptibilities , 2015, PloS one.

[103]  F. Dawood,et al.  Rates of respiratory virus-associated hospitalization in children aged <5 years in rural northern India , 2013, Journal of Infection.

[104]  V. Agrawal,et al.  Lymphatic Filariasis in India : Problems, Challenges and New Initiatives. , 2006, Medical journal, Armed Forces India.

[105]  S. Sharma,et al.  LEPTO Dipstick: a rapid and simple method for serodiagnosis of acute leptospirosis. , 1999, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

[106]  P. Vijayachari,et al.  Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among high-risk population of Andaman Islands, India. , 2006, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[107]  N. Grassly,et al.  The Burden of Typhoid and Paratyphoid in India: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis , 2016, PLoS neglected tropical diseases.

[108]  F. Deeba,et al.  Retrospective phylogenetic analysis of circulating BA genotype of human respiratory syncytial virus with 60 bp duplication from New Delhi, India during 2007–2010 , 2015, VirusDisease.

[109]  N. Singhal,et al.  Molecular Analysis of β-Lactamase Genes to Understand their Differential Expression in Strains of Yersinia enterocolitica Biotype 1A , 2014, Scientific Reports.

[110]  A. Tiwari,et al.  Strategies & recent development of transmission-blocking vaccines against Plasmodium falciparum , 2016, The Indian journal of medical research.