Transferrin Metabolism and the Liver

The liver is undoubtedly the most versatile of the organs with central roles in iron metabolism. In addition to its requirements of iron for the synthesis of such vital enzymes as cytochrome P-450, the liver acts as a reservoir of iron in times of need for the metal, and as a storage depot in times of plenty. Perhaps as a consequence of this dual function, the liver is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of iron overload, and possibly to the hazards of iron deficiency as well. In managing its two-way traffic of iron the liver and its constituent cells interact critically with transferrin, the iron transport protein of plasma. Not only is transferrin the vehicle that brings iron to the liver and the conduit through which it is carried away, but the protein depends on the liver for its synthesis and, possibly, its catabolism. Each of these events in the interaction of transferrin with the liver will be considered in this review.

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