As the current urban public security video surveillance system planning lacks of indicator system and relies too much on the subjective experience, in order to solve the problem, this paper constructs evaluation indicators of estimating the number and the deployment of front-end cameras, and proposes planning methods of video surveillance system transmission networks, data storage and platform functions from macro and micro levels by studying the urban characteristic factors affecting the frontend point location planning and the deployment requirements of various surveillant scenarios. This paper provides theoretical and methodological support for the planning of urban public security video surveillance system.